Exam 1 Medical Microbiology with complete solutions
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Course
Medical Microbiology
Institution
Medical Microbiology
DNA base sequence analysis
current Gold standard, do not need to sequence whole genome, just the conserved part
Components of Gram's Stain
Crystal violet (blue stain)
Iodine (fix blue dye to cell wall peptidoglycan)
Acetone-alcohol (decolorizes)
Saffranin (red counter stain)
Acid...
Exam 1 Medical Microbiology with
complete solutions
Opportunists are microorganisms that:
A) always cause disease
B) can cause disease when favorable host conditions arise
C) benefit from the host but do not harm the host
D) never cause disease
E) use available scholarships to go back to school - ANSWER- B) can cause
disease when favorable host conditions arise
A species of bacterium lives on the surface of the human skin. It doesn't harm the
human host as it uses the skin as a habitat. This symbolic relationship is:
A) commensalism
B) mutualism
C) parasitism
D) predation
E) weird - ANSWER- A) commensalism
The mucociliary cells in the bronchia and trachea are considered a ___ defense:
A) biochemical
B) mechanical
C) transport
D) vascular
E) snotty - ANSWER- B) mechanical
Pathogenic bacteria stick to the appropriate host tissue by producing:
A) sticky antibiotics
B) adhesins
C) flagellar hooks
D) super glue analogs - ANSWER- B) adhesins
,The mucous membrane of the eye is called the:
A) conjunctiva
B) mucous liner
C) serous covering
D) synovial coating
E) cutaneous - ANSWER- A) conjunctiva
Select the correct statement about the newborn oral cavity:
A) it contains the same flora as a 2 year old oral cavity
B) it is not readily colonized by microbes found on teeth
C) it is a favorable environment to hundreds of different species - ANSWER- B) it
is not readily colonized by microbes found on teeth
Gram negative bacterial infection that releases endotoxin in the body can cause:
A) a viral infection of the nervous system
B) a serious sore throat
C) an upset in the intestinal microbiota
D) fatal septic shock
E) a frayed extension cord in the lab - ANSWER- D) fatal septic shock
The ___ is the only part of the urinary tract that would normally have any
microbiota:
A) bladder
B) kidney
C) ureter
D) urethra
E) aorta - ANSWER- D) urethra
Vitamin K is important in the human body for:
A) blood clotting
B) bone formation
C) mineral storage
D) phosphorus formation - ANSWER- A) blood clotting
Which of the following would be considered an exotoxin?
A) botulism neurological agent
B) histamine
C) lactoperoxidase
D) siderophore
E) interleukin I - ANSWER- A) botulism neurological agent
, Pyogenic refers to:
A) concentration of toxins during a skin rash
B) lack of white blood cells in the bone marrow
C) accumulation of dead microbes, white blood cells and fluids referred to as pus
D) abnormal counts of anaerobes in the intestines - ANSWER- C) accumulation of
dead microbes, white blood cells and fluids referred to as pus
O50 is a measure of virulence that means:
A) 50 test animals in a large group get sick
B) 50% of the pathogenic bacteria tested cause disease
C) 50% of test animals get sick when challenged with a specific number of live
pathogens
D) research microbiologists intuitively determine 50 bacterial species that cause
disease - ANSWER- C) 50% of test animals get sick when challenged with a
specific number of live pathogens
The most likely reservoir for Salmonella typhi (Typhoid Fever) is:
A) the atmosphere
B) human feces
C) oceans
D) soil - ANSWER- B) human feces
Fomites that could transmit an infectious disease agent would include:
A) pencils and towels
B) placenta contact and birth
C) contaminated food and water
D) fleas and ticks
E) direct intimate contact - ANSWER- A) pencils and towels
Parenteral transmission of pathogens would include:
A) fecal oral route and direct contact
B) sharp objects and biting insects
C) respiratory droplets and dust
D) kissing and intimate contact - ANSWER- B) sharp objects and biting insects
What affect does puberty have on the normal flora of the skin?
A) none, skin flora stays the same throughout a lifetime
B) only slight, no change in species; just a small increase in numbers
C) significant, the change in oil content creates different environment for several
species
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