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NURS 236 - Unit 2 questions with correct answers graded A+
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NURS 236 - Unit 2 questions with correct answers graded A+
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NURS 236 - Unit 2List the three patterns that explain the Directional Trends of Development. - correct answer
✔✔Cephalocaudal, Proximodistal, and Differentiation
Why does the respiratory rate and heart rate decrease over the months of infancy? - correct answer
✔✔This is due to increase in the lateral dimension of the chest, which slows down the respirations and
the left ventricles become more efficient at pumping. Due to this, the heart does not have to pump as
fast to keep the blood circulating. Likewise, as any organ matures in the body it becomes more efficient.
List three (2) crucial events that occur during the sensory motor phase: - correct answer ✔✔a.
Separation - infants learn to separate themselves from other objects in the environment.
b. Object permanence - understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen,
heard, or otherwise sensed. This is a fundamental concept studied in the field of developmental
psychology and addresses the development of young children's social and mental capacities.
Why does strange fear occur in infants 6-8 months old and older? - correct answer ✔✔At this age they
are able to start to discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar faces. They begin to have some
awareness of self and mother as separate. Prior to this age, the infant does not distinguish themselves as
separate from the mothers. This coincides with the development of object permanence.
Infants usually start with tooth eruptions around: - correct answer ✔✔6-10 months; the average is
around 8 mos. To determine # of teeth take the age of child in months minus 6 = # of teeth expected.
List 2 items you would include when teaching parents with a 4-6 month about:
TEETHING - correct answer ✔✔give child cold teething rings (NOT gel or nonsterile water ones) to help
relieve inflammation. Signs of teething: drooling, increased sucking, biting, irritability, sleeplessness, and
ear rubbing.
List 2 items you would include when teaching parents with a 4-6 month about:
,NUTRITION - correct answer ✔✔Human milk is the most complete diet for infant during the 1st 6
months of life. No other source of nutrition is needed prior to this. Do not introduce solids prior to 4-6
months as developmentally they are not ready for solid foods.
List 2 items you would include when teaching parents with a 4-6 month about:
IMMUNIZATIONS - correct answer ✔✔Recommend following the CDC immunization schedule; this
begins at birth and continues through childhood. Minor side effects are expected: mild fever, local
tenderness, redness, swelling, possible fussiness.
List 2 items you would include when teaching parents with a 4-6 month about:
INJURY PREVENTION - correct answer ✔✔Keep all areas free of small items/objectives. Safety proof
stairs, cabinets, and/or any other area infant can get to. Follow SIDS guidelines for cribs and bedding.
Crib rails should always be locked, when in high chair child needs to be restrained, and rear facing child
seat.
Identify the factors leading to respiratory tract infection in the infant and young child. - correct answer
✔✔Close proximity of the trachea to the bronchi and branching structures = rapid transmission. Plus
short and straight Eustachian tube. Inability to produce immunoglobulin in mucosal lining.
_______________ is responsible for the majority of hospitalizations for bronchiolitis. - correct answer
✔✔__________Respiratory Syncytial Virus_____ is responsible for the majority of hospitalizations for
bronchiolitis.
List the major signs of respiratory distress in infants and children. - correct answer ✔✔Apnea, change in
color, change in muscle tone, choking, gaging, coughing, nasal flaring, use of accessory muscles,
Bronchiolitis is treated symptomatically at home if the infant is maintaining __________do not have
respiratory distress and do not need ________________________. - correct answer ✔✔Bronchiolitis is
treated symptomatically at home if the infant is maintaining ___hydration, ____do not have respiratory
distress___ and ___do not need ____supplementary oxygen___.
, Which medication is given IM on a monthly basis to help prevent hospitalization from the above type of
bronchiolitis? - correct answer ✔✔Palivizumab (Synagis)
List the teaching components you would provide to a parent whose infants has:
DIAPER DERMATITIS - correct answer ✔✔Changing diapers as soon as they are wet/soiled, remove
diaper and allow time for area to fully dry, avoid over washing the skin, gently wipe any stool from skin
with a soft cloth and warm water, apply zinc oxide ointment.
List the teaching components you would provide to a parent whose infants has:
ATOPIC DERMATITIS / ECZEMA - correct answer ✔✔Bath less often and keep baths as short as possible,
use warm water for baths and avoid using hot water, do not scrub or dry skin too long, do not use lotions
or ointments that contain alcohol, use only mild cleansers, do not use a wash cloth or bubble in the bath,
pat skin dry - do not rub, for moisturizer use: Vaseline or aquaphor, if needed may use a topical
medicines such as a topical steroid.
How does passive cigarette smoke increase the child's risk for ear infections and bronchiolitis? - correct
answer ✔✔Continuous exposure to irritants allows pathogens to attach to respiratory epithelial cells.
How are upper respiratory infections and otitis media related? - correct answer ✔✔Short Eustachian
tubes = easy access and transmission of organism. Upper respiratory tract infection = inflammation and
congestion in the Eustachian tubes = fluid accumulated in the middle ear and eventually becomes
infected.
We know nurses know why infants quickly have respiratory distress and the queue infections of
respiratory system. The reason is:
A. Mucus & edema obstruct their small airways
B. The gag reflex is increased due to mucus production
C. They have less effective swallowing ability
D. They have widened and shorter airways - correct answer ✔✔A. Mucus & edema obstruct their small
airways
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