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FRNSC 421W - EXAM 2 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED AND UPDATED)

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  • FRNSC421W /FRNSC 420
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  • FRNSC421W /FRNSC 420

FRNSC 421W - EXAM 2 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED AND UPDATED) DNA mixtures - Answer️️ -mixed biological fluids/cells of any type - saliva & skin cells - blood & semen - urine from two sources - sexual assault cases often contain female epithelial/white blood cells & male...

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  • August 31, 2024
  • 10
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • FRNSC421W /FRNSC 420
  • FRNSC421W /FRNSC 420
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©PREP4EXAMS2024/2025 REAL EXAMS DUMP Wednesday, August 7, 2024 9: 33 PM




FRNSC 421W - EXAM 2 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (100%
VERIFIED AND UPDATED)

DNA mixtures - Answer✔️✔️-mixed biological fluids/cells of any type

- saliva & skin cells

- blood & semen

- urine from two sources

- sexual assault cases often contain female epithelial/white blood cells & male
sperm, epithelial/white blood cells

characteristics of sperm - Answer✔️✔️-- condensed nucleus in the head,
encapsulated by acrosome

- mid-piece with ~50 (range from 10-1300) copies of mitochondrial DNA

- tail composed of motile flagellum, allows for quick swimming (~25 µm/s or 30
inch/hr)

anterior acrosomal sac (AAS) - Answer✔️✔️-tip of the sperm head, encompasses by
plasma membrane (PM) and outer acrosomal membrane (OAM)

- where hydrolytic (hyaluronidase) and proteolytic (acrosin) enzymes are found

hyaluronidase - Answer✔️✔️-found in the AAS, lowers the viscosity of hyaluronic
acid in the interstitial barrier of the egg through hydrolysis



1

, ©PREP4EXAMS2024/2025 REAL EXAMS DUMP Wednesday, August 7, 2024 9: 33 PM


- hyaluronic acid is a "goo" acting as a lubricant in many cell types, allows for
increased access to unfertilized egg cell

acrosin - Answer✔️✔️-digestive enzyme in AAS, assists with the breakdown of
proteins in the unfertilized cell membrane

acrosome reaction - Answer✔️✔️-during fertilization, a sperm fuses with the plasma
membrane and penetrates the female egg cell to fertilize it

- membrane surrounding the acrosome fuses with the plasma membrane of the
sperm's head

- with no AAS, the nuclear membrane and DNA in nucleus is exposed and
hyaluronidase + acrosin is released

- this allows the egg to be fertilized; the egg surface conditions are changed,
blocking other sperm from entering

- spermicidal foams/jellies block reaction w/o destroying DNA; condoms act as a
barrier entirely

- mtDNA produces ATP, used by tail as energy to move

sexual assault statistics - Answer✔️✔️-- approx. 1 in 6 women will become victims

- the majority of perpetrators are white males

- >100,000 cases per year in US, only ~2000 cases result in convictions (~1 in 10)

- conviction allows for low recidivism; if you catch a suspect early, will reduce #
of victims

types of SA evidence - Answer✔️✔️-- swabs: generally have multiple sources of
DNA (oral, vaginal, anal, etc.)

- slides: confirm presence of sperm



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