Operating System Syllabus Discussion for all College/University & Competitive exams
1.Operating System Overview and Types
2.Process Management and Scheduling
3.Memory Management and Paging Algorithms
4.Deadlocks and Threads
5.File Management and Unix Commands
6.Disk Scheduling
7.Security and...
1. Operating System Overview and
Types
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer
hardware, software resources, and provides various services for
computer programs.
Types of Operating Systems
● Batch Operating Systems: These systems collect multiple jobs
from users and run them in batches, thereby increasing
efficiency.
● Time Sharing Operating Systems: These systems allocate a
specific time slot for each user, thus enabling multiple users to
work simultaneously.
● Distributed Operating Systems: These systems manage a
group of interconnected computers and make them appear as
a single system.
● Network Operating Systems: These systems manage network
resources and provide services to network users.
● Real-time Operating Systems: These systems are designed
for applications that require quick responses to events.
Process Management and Scheduling
Process Management: The operating system is responsible for
creating, managing, and terminating processes. A process is an
executing instance of a program.
Scheduling: The operating system also decides which process should
be executed first, thereby managing system resources efficiently.
Deadlocks and Threads
Deadlock: A deadlock is a situation where two or more processes are
unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a
resource.
, Threads: A thread is a separate execution flow within a process.
Threads share the same address space, thus enabling more efficient
use of system resources.
Disk Scheduling
Disk scheduling is the process of deciding the order in which disk
requests are serviced. Common disk scheduling algorithms include:
● First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)
● Shortest Seek Time First (SSTF)
● SCAN
● Circular SCAN (C-SCAN)
Memory Management and Paging Algorithms
Memory Management: The operating system is responsible for
managing the computer's memory resources, including the allocation
and deallocation of memory to processes.
Paging Algorithms: Paging is a memory management scheme that
eliminates the need for contiguous storage by using a technique called
virtual memory. Common paging algorithms include:
● Optimal Page Replacement Algorithm
● First-In, First-Out (FIFO) Page Replacement Algorithm
● Least Recently Used (LRU) Page Replacement Algorithm
File Management and Unix Commands
File management refers to the process of organizing and storing data
on a computer's storage devices.
Unix is a popular operating system that provides various commands
for file management, including:
● ls: Lists the contents of a directory
● cd: Changes the current directory
● cp: Copies files and directories
● mv: Moves or renames files and directories
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