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APEA 3P EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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APEA 3P EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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APEA 3P EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100%ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
Most common type of skin cancer in USA - Precise Answer ✔✔Skin
cancer
Most common type of skin cancer - Precise Answer ✔✔basal cell
carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma symptoms - Precise Answer ✔✔Appearance varies;
smooth, shiny bump, pink to pearly white
Basal cell carcinoma common locations - Precise Answer ✔✔cheeks,
nose, face, neck, arms, back
basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard - Precise Answer
✔✔biopsy. if not an option, refer to derm
Actinic keratosis - Precise Answer ✔✔Precursor to squamous cell
carcinoma
numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas
Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard - Precise Answer ✔✔Biopsy.
,if not an option, refer to derm
Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard - Precise Answer ✔✔small-
cryotherapy
large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes
skin to ooze, crust, scab and be red
**5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!**
squamous cell cancer - Precise Answer ✔✔chronic red scaly rough
textured lesion w/ irregular borders
crusting or bleeding may be present
Squamous cell carcinoma common locations - Precise Answer ✔✔rims
of ears, lips, nose, face and top of hands
precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer - Precise Answer ✔✔actinic
keratosis
squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by? - Precise Answer ✔✔biopsy
gold standard. if biopsy is not an option, refer to dermatology .
Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma and both non-melanoma) -
Precise Answer ✔✔Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns,
light skin, chronic exposure to UV light (sunlight/tanning beds), moles,
family hx for skin cancer
,Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE) - Precise Answer ✔✔asymmetry
(shape/uneven texture)
border (irregular/notched/blurred)
color (variegated colors from black, blue, dark to light brown)
diameter (size >6mm size of pencil eraser or larger)
evolving (changes in color/size/shape)
may be itchy
Acral lengtiginous melanoma - Precise Answer ✔✔Most common type
of melanoma in dark skinned individuals (blacks & asians)
--> look for longitudinal brown to black bands under the nailbed. a
changing spot or mole in the palms, or the soles of the feet
seborrheic keratosis - Precise Answer ✔✔soft, round, wart-like growth
that is light tan to black and looks pasted on
asymptomatic &benign
Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria - Precise Answer ✔✔Streptococcus
pneumoniae- most common strain
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli
*others
, Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic Triad) - Precise Answer
✔✔High fever
Nuchal rigidity
rapid change in mental status w/ headache
Triad=neck up
erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae) ecchymosis to purple-colored
lesions (purpura) which are non-blanchable
Is bacterial meningitis a reportable disease - Precise Answer ✔✔yes!
Treatment for Bacterial meningitis-patient - Precise Answer ✔✔IV Abx
ASAP, resp/droplet iso for first 24-48 hrs, hydrate (low maintenance
after initial fluid correction), Maintain ventilation and reduce increased
intra cranial pressure if present (dexamethosone(to reduce inflammation,
mannitol to diurese the brain), low stim environment, tx complications
that may arrive and support family
Treatment for bacterial meningitis-close encounter - Precise Answer
✔✔Close contacts should be treated w/ rifampin 600 mg q 12 hours x 2
days
**Rifampin changes urine color to reddish orange and can stain contacts
**AVOID RIFAMPIN IN PREGNANCY
Brudzinkski sign (meningeal irritation) - Precise Answer ✔✔Tests for
meningeal irritation
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