Varcarolis Ch 3; Psychobiology & Psychopharmacology Practice Questions and Answers
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Course
Varcarolis Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
Institution
Varcarolis Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
Varcarolis Ch 3; Psychobiology &
Psychopharmacology Practice
Questions and Answers
A patient asks, "What are neurotransmitters? My doctor said mine are
imbalanced." Select the nurse's best response.
a. "How do you feel about having imbalanced neurotransmitters?"
b. "Neurotransmitters protect ...
Varcarolis Ch 3; Psychobiology &
Psychopharmacology Practice
Questions and Answers
A patient asks, "What are neurotransmitters? My doctor said mine are
imbalanced." Select the nurse's best response.
a. "How do you feel about having imbalanced neurotransmitters?"
b. "Neurotransmitters protect us from harmful effects of free radicals."
c. "Neurotransmitters are substances we consume that influence memory
and mood."
d. "Neurotransmitters are natural chemicals that pass messages between
brain cells." - Answer✔️✔️-D
The patient asked for information, and the correct response is most
accurate. Neurotransmitters are chemical substances that function as
messengers in the central nervous system. They are released from the axon
terminal, diffuse across the synapse, and attach to specialized receptors on
the postsynaptic neuron. The distracters either do not answer the patient's
question or provide untrue, misleading information.
The parent of an adolescent diagnosed with schizophrenia asks the nurse,
"My child's doctor ordered a PET. What kind of test is that?" Select the
nurse's best reply.
a. "This test uses a magnetic field and gamma waves to identify problem
areas in the brain. Does your teenager have any metal implants?"
b. "PET means positron-emission tomography. It is a special type of scan
that shows blood flow and activity in the brain."
c. "A PET scan passes an electrical current through the brain and shows
brain-wave activity. It can help diagnose seizures."
d. "It's a special x-ray that shows structures of the brain and whether there
has ever been a brain injury." - Answer✔️✔️-B
The parent is seeking information about PET scans. It is important to use
terms the parent can understand, so the nurse should identify what the
initials mean. The correct response is the only option that provides
information relevant to PET scans. The distracters describe magnetic
resonance image (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scans, and EEG. See
relationship to audience response question.
A patient with a long history of hypertension and diabetes now develops
confusion. The health care provider wants to make a differential diagnosis
between Alzheimer's disease and multiple infarcts. Which diagnostic
procedure should the nurse expect to prepare the patient for first?
d. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) - Answer✔️✔️-B
A CT scan shows the presence or absence of structural changes, including
cortical atrophy, ventricular enlargement, and areas of infarct, information
that would be helpful to the health care provider. PET and SPECT show
brain activity rather than structure and may occur later. See relationship to
audience response question.
A patient's history shows drinking 4 to 6 L of fluid and eating more than
6,000 calories per day. Which part of the central nervous system is most
likely dysfunctional for this patient?
a. Amygdala
b. Parietal lobe
c. Hippocampus
d. Hypothalamus - Answer✔️✔️-D
The hypothalamus, a small area in the ventral superior portion of the
brainstem, plays a vital role in such basic drives as hunger, thirst, and sex.
See relationship to audience response question.
The nurse prepares to assess a patient diagnosed with major depressive
disorder for disturbances in circadian rhythms. Which question should the
nurse ask this patient?
a. "Have you ever seen or heard things that others do not?"
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