Varcarolis Ch. 23 Neurocognitive Disorders Practice Exam Questions and Answers
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Course
Varcarolis Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
Institution
Varcarolis Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
Varcarolis Ch. 23 Neurocognitive Disorders
Practice Exam Questions and Answers
1. An older adult patient takes multiple medications daily. Over 2 days, the
patient developed confusion, slurred speech, an unsteady gait, and
fluctuating levels of orientation. These findings are most characteristi...
Varcarolis Ch. 23 Neurocognitive Disorders
Practice Exam Questions and Answers
1. An older adult patient takes multiple medications daily. Over 2 days, the
patient developed confusion, slurred speech, an unsteady gait, and
fluctuating levels of orientation. These findings are most characteristic of:
a. delirium.
c. amnestic syndrome.
b. dementia.
d. Alzheimers disease. - Answer✔️✔️-a. delirium.
Delirium is characterized by an abrupt onset of fluctuating levels of
awareness, clouded consciousness, perceptual disturbances, and disturbed
memory and orientation. The onset of dementia or Alzheimers disease, a
type of dementia, is more insidious. Amnestic syndrome involves memory
impairment without other cognitive problems.
2. A patient with fluctuating levels of awareness, confusion, and disturbed
orientation shouts, Bugs are crawling on my legs. Get them off! Which
problem is the patient experiencing?
a. Aphasia
c. Tactile hallucinations
b. Dystonia
d. Mnemonic disturbance - Answer✔️✔️-c. Tactile hallucinations
The patient feels bugs crawling on both legs, even though no sensory
stimulus is actually present. This description meets the definition of a
hallucination, a false sensory perception. Tactile hallucinations may be part
of the symptom constellation of delirium. Aphasia refers to a speech
disorder. Dystonia refers to excessive muscle tonus. Mnemonic disturbance
is associated with dementia rather than delirium.
3. A patient with fluctuating levels of consciousness, disturbed orientation,
and perceptual alteration begs, Someone get these bugs off me. What is the
nurses best response?
a. No bugs are on your legs. You are having hallucinations.
b. I will have someone stay here and brush off the bugs for you.
c. Try to relax. The crawling sensation will go away sooner if you can relax.
d. I dont see any bugs, but I can tell you are frightened. I will stay with
you. - Answer✔️✔️-d. I dont see any bugs, but I can tell you are frightened. I
will stay with you.
When hallucinations are present, the nurse should acknowledge the
patients feelings and state the nurses perception of reality, but not argue.
Staying with the patient increases feelings of security, reduces anxiety,
offers the opportunity for reinforcing reality, and provides a measure of
physical safety. Denying the patients perception without offering help does
not support the patient emotionally. Telling the patient to relax makes the
patient responsible for self-soothing. Telling the patient that someone will
brush the bugs away supports the perceptual distortions.
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