Nervous System – MCAT Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 | Rated A+
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Nervous System – MCAT
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Nervous System – MCAT
Nervous System – MCAT Questions and
Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 |
Rated A+
Which type of glial cell is responsible for myelinating neurons in the central nervous system?
- A) Schwann cells
- B) Oligodendrocytes
- C) Astrocytes
- D) Microglia
B) Oligodendrocytes
Ration...
Nervous System – MCAT Questions and
Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 |
Rated A+
Which type of glial cell is responsible for myelinating neurons in the central nervous system?
- A) Schwann cells
- B) Oligodendrocytes
- C) Astrocytes
- D) Microglia
✔✔ B) Oligodendrocytes
Rationale: Oligodendrocytes are responsible for myelinating neurons in the central nervous
system (CNS), whereas Schwann cells perform this function in the peripheral nervous system.
What is the primary role of the sodium-potassium pump in neurons?
- A) To maintain the resting membrane potential
1
,- B) To generate action potentials
- C) To facilitate neurotransmitter release
- D) To increase the rate of synaptic transmission
✔✔ A) To maintain the resting membrane potential
Rationale: The sodium-potassium pump actively transports three sodium ions out of the cell and
two potassium ions into the cell, which helps maintain the resting membrane potential of
neurons.
Which part of the brain is primarily involved in regulating basic physiological processes such as
hunger, thirst, and temperature control?
- A) Cerebellum
- B) Hypothalamus
- C) Hippocampus
- D) Thalamus
✔✔ B) Hypothalamus
2
,Rationale: The hypothalamus regulates essential physiological processes including hunger, thirst,
and temperature control, making it crucial for maintaining homeostasis.
During an action potential, what happens to the membrane potential when sodium channels
open?
- A) The membrane potential becomes more negative
- B) The membrane potential becomes more positive
- C) The membrane potential remains unchanged
- D) The membrane potential oscillates rapidly
✔✔ B) The membrane potential becomes more positive
Rationale: When sodium channels open, sodium ions rush into the neuron, causing the
membrane potential to become more positive, leading to depolarization.
Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the reward and pleasure centers of the brain?
3
, - A) Serotonin
- B) Dopamine
- C) Acetylcholine
- D) GABA
✔✔ B) Dopamine
Rationale: Dopamine is the neurotransmitter associated with reward, pleasure, and reinforcement
pathways in the brain, playing a key role in motivation and reward systems.
What type of neuron is responsible for transmitting signals from the spinal cord to muscles?
- A) Sensory neurons
- B) Interneurons
- C) Motor neurons
- D) Efferent neurons
✔✔ C) Motor neurons
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