Straighterline Microbiology Final Exam Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 | Already Passed
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Straighterline Microbiology
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Straighterline Microbiology
Straighterline Microbiology Final Exam
Questions and Answers | Latest Version
| 2024/2025 | Already Passed
What are prokaryotic cells, and how do they differ from eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells
have a nucleus and ...
Straighterline Microbiology Final Exam
Questions and Answers | Latest Version
| 2024/2025 | Already Passed
What are prokaryotic cells, and how do they differ from eukaryotic cells?
✔✔ Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells
have a nucleus and complex organelles.
What is the function of the cell wall in bacteria?
✔✔ The cell wall provides structure and protection to the bacterial cell.
What are endospores, and why are they important?
✔✔ Endospores are tough, dormant structures that allow bacteria to survive extreme conditions.
How do antibiotics typically affect bacterial cells?
1
,✔✔ Antibiotics can inhibit cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, or DNA replication in bacteria.
What is the role of plasmids in bacteria?
✔✔ Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can carry genes, including those for
antibiotic resistance.
How do viruses differ from bacteria?
✔✔ Viruses are non-living particles that require a host cell to replicate, while bacteria are living,
single-celled organisms.
What is the purpose of the Gram stain in microbiology?
✔✔ The Gram stain differentiates bacteria into Gram-positive and Gram-negative based on cell
wall structure.
How do vaccines work in preventing infectious diseases?
2
,✔✔ Vaccines stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens without
causing illness.
What are the main modes of transmission for infectious diseases?
✔✔ The main modes of transmission include direct contact, airborne transmission, and vector-
borne transmission.
How does the immune system recognize and respond to pathogens?
✔✔ The immune system uses white blood cells and antibodies to detect and destroy pathogens.
What is the significance of biofilms in microbial infections?
✔✔ Biofilms protect bacteria from the immune system and antibiotics, making infections harder
to treat.
What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria?
3
, ✔✔ Aerobic bacteria require oxygen to grow, while anaerobic bacteria do not.
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves removal of nitrogen from the
atmosphere by bacteria? ✔✔Nitrogen Fixation
If enough H+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+ concentration of the solution to ten
times higher than the original concentration, what is the resulting OH- concentration of the
solution? ✔✔10-8 M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores and sporangiospores. Which of
the following is an accurate explanation for why it is advantageous that they are also capable of
sexual reproduction? ✔✔Offspring from two parents may have variations in form and function
that contribute to survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a virus, plaques are areas in
which... ✔✔the virus has spread and left behind the remains of dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as waves and are called ✔✔Photons
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