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PSE 410 Exam 2 Questions & Answers 2024/2025 $8.49   Add to cart

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PSE 410 Exam 2 Questions & Answers 2024/2025

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PSE 410 Exam 2 Questions & Answers 2024/2025 Adventitious Organs - ANSWERSPlant organs that arise in "unexpected" location Adventitious roots - ANSWERSRoots that arise from stems leaves, or old root parts Adventitious Organogenesis - ANSWERSRequires: De-differentiation of previously diff...

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  • August 30, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • PSE 410
  • PSE 410
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PSE 410 Exam 2 Questions & Answers
2024/2025

Adventitious Organs - ANSWERSPlant organs that arise in "unexpected" location



Adventitious roots - ANSWERSRoots that arise from stems leaves, or old root parts



Adventitious Organogenesis - ANSWERSRequires: De-differentiation of previously differentiated
cells(typically parenchyma)

-Acquired competence: to form root or shoot primordia

-Re-differentiation: into new roots or shoots



Stem cuttings - ANSWERSCuttings from stem, need to develop adventitious roots



Leaf cuttings - ANSWERS-Needs to develop adventitious shoots and roots

-Shoots arise by. Direct organogenesis: cells already competent for form buds, buds form quickly:



Indirect organogenesis, callus forms first, buds form callus

-Many species will form roots but no shoots



Wound induced roots - ANSWERS-Adventitious roots because of scaring stem cuttings

1.injured outer cells die; necrotic plate forms, wound is filled with waxy suberin

2. Layer of parenchyma cells form callus, develops into wound periderm

3. Cells in vicinity of cambium or phloem divide to form roots



Preformed root Primordia - ANSWERS+Inactive until cued to develop

+sometimes visible as aerial roots

Examples: willow, hydrangea, coleus, tomato, pothos vince

, Herbaceous plant adventitious root formation - ANSWERSOutside of, and between vascular bundles,
often phloem parenchyma

-Sometime on epidermis or elsewhere



Woody plant adventitious root formation - ANSWERS+occurs in phloem, cambium, vascular ray
parenchyma

+Epidermis, cortex, pith

+callus derived from all of the above



Stages of de novo adventitious root formation - ANSWERS1. Dedifferentiation of cells into meristematic
regions

2. Formation of root initials from newly meristematic cells

3. Development of root initials into organize root primordia

4. Root elongation: (a) root primordia elongating through cortex, pushing out sclereids (b) Two
adventitious primordia elongating through cortex and periderm



Time to root formation - ANSWERS+Variable, Some taxa are slow to form root primordia.

-Several months to form primordia, root emerge within a couple more weeks.



Direct root formation - ANSWERSEasier-to-root species, formation of primordia near vascular system



Indirect root fomation - ANSWERS-Harder-to-root species, undirected cell divsion(callus formation first)

-Callus eventually begins organized divisions

-Root primordia emerge from callus



Root cuttings - ANSWERS-Require formation of adventitious shoots and roots, shoots will appear first

-Roots form from base of shoot

-Typically useful for "suckering" plants

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