EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY (EEO)
Summary of Key Employment Laws
1. 1963 Equal Pay Act:
This law mandates equal pay for equal work performed within the same establishment by both
genders, prohibiting employers from compensating one sex less than the other for comparable work
that requi...
EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY (EEO)
Summary of Key Employment Laws
1. 1963 Equal Pay Act:
This law mandates equal pay for equal work performed within the same establishment by both
genders, prohibiting employers from compensating one sex less than the other for comparable work
that requires "equal skill, effort, and responsibility" under similar working conditions.
2. 1964 Title VII of the Civil Rights Act:
This legislation prohibits discrimination in employment practices based on race, color, sex, religion, or
national origin. It established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to advise and
assist individuals with alleged violations. Title VII addresses not only explicit discrimination but also
practices that may appear fair but are discriminatory in effect.
3. 1967 Age Discrimination in Employment Act:
This act bars discrimination against individuals aged 40 and older regarding hiring, compensation,
discharge, and other significant employment aspects.
4. 1972 Equal Employment Opportunity Act:
This act amended the 1964 Civil Rights Act to enhance the EEOC's authority, allowing it to investigate
discrimination in state and local governments. It grants the EEOC the power to file lawsuits for
enforcement. The act prohibits employers from taking adverse actions against individuals based on their
race, color, national origin, religion, or sex.
5. 1973 Rehabilitation Act:
This law prohibits discrimination in employment against qualified individuals with physical or mental
disabilities.
6. 1978 Pregnancy Discrimination Act:
This act forbids discrimination against women based on pregnancy or related medical conditions,
identifying such discrimination as a form of sex discrimination.
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