VUSN Pharm 5106 Diuretics Exam
Questions With Correct Answers
Overview of diuretics - answer✔✔block sodium (and thus water) and chloride reabsoprtion
increase in urine flow is directly related to the amount of Na and Cl reabsorption it blocks
diuretics that block reabsorption early in the nephron have potential of creating the greatest effect
the more proximal to the bowmans capsule and the more distal to the collecting duct = the more
powerful the diuretic
What are the classifications of diuretics? - answer✔✔high ceiling or loop diuretics - Lasix
thiazide diuretics - Hydrochlorothiazide
osmotic diuretics - Manniotl
potassium sparing diuretics
-aldosterone antagonists - Spirnonolactone or Aldactone
-non aldosterone antagonists
What are the types of loop diuretics? - answer✔✔Lasix
Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide
Ethacrynic acid
What are the characteristics of loop diuretics? - answer✔✔strong diuretic
block transport of: Na, K, Cl
increase excretion of: K, Mg, Ca
What is the biggest issue with loop diuretics? - answer✔✔hypokalemia
usually on potassium supplements as well
What are the therapeutic effects and indications for loop diuretics? - answer✔✔increase Na
excretion (25%)- severe edema
increase urine volume- oliguric ARF
increase Ca excretion- hypercalcemia
impair free water reabsorption- hyponatremia
increase venous capacitance- pulmonary edema
What are the clinical uses of loop diuretics? - answer✔✔edema due to CHF, nephritic syndrome
or cirrhosis
acute heart failure with pulmonary edema
hypercalcemia
What are the loop diuretics not used for? - answer✔✔not used for treatment of hypertension
not used for a home treatment
-can't monitor and regulate
-too much water
-don't take potassium supplement
What drugs interact with loop diuretics? - answer✔✔digoxin- lowering K increases risk of
dysrythmias
lithium- suppressed excretion, increased serum levels
ototoxic drugs- hearing loss (ie Gentamycin, increased serum levels of antibiotics due to
decrease of water)
What are the adverse effects of loop diuretics? - answer✔✔hypokalemia
hyponatremia
hypocalcemia
hypercholesterolemia
hyperuricemia
hyperglycemia
metabolic alkalosis
dehydration
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