Combined Immunology HMX Exam Practice Questions and Answers
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Course
HMX
Institution
HMX
Combined Immunology HMX Exam
Practice Questions and Answers
_____________________ is the transfer of tissue/organ from one individual
to another - Answer️️ -Transplantation
_________________________ is the transfer of blood cells/blood products
from one individual to another - Answer️️...
Combined Immunology HMX Exam
Practice Questions and Answers
_____________________ is the transfer of tissue/organ from one individual
to another - Answer✔️✔️-Transplantation
_________________________ is the transfer of blood cells/blood products
from one individual to another - Answer✔️✔️-Transfusion
_________________ transplant is the most common transplantation -
Answer✔️✔️-kidney
_____________________ transfusion is the most common transfusion -
Answer✔️✔️-red blood cell
Individuals who are not identical twins differ in many genes that they do
not inherit. This means individuals will have different proteins based on
these different genes. These differences are called ______________________
- Answer✔️✔️-polymorphisms
In transplantation, if one person is a donor and another is a recipient, then
there might be a difference in proteins between each person. So, when an
organ is transplanted, the recipient's immune system can detect the
transplanted cells as non-self and lead an attack against them. This attack
involves ________________ and ____ cells and is called an
The recipient's T cells and antibodies that enter the implanted organ after
transplantation cause inflammation in the organ as if the organ is a foreign
invader, like a microbe. This leads to injury/death of the implanted organ.
This is called _________________ _______________ - Answer✔️✔️-transplant
rejection
The most polymorphic genes in our entire genome are the
_____________________ ___________________ _________________ genes. -
Answer✔️✔️-major histocompatibility complex (aka HLA genes)
MHC class II has the variants: __________, __________, and _________
proteins - Answer✔️✔️-DP
DQ
DR
MHC class I has the variants: ____________, ______________ and _________
- Answer✔️✔️-A
If we take all the different alleles in the human population that encode
normal functioning versions of the MHC class I and II variants, there are
over ______________ alleles - Answer✔️✔️-5,000
HLA-B has over _______________ alleles - Answer✔️✔️-2,500
_______ is the major immunological barrier to transplantation -
Answer✔️✔️-MHC
______________ have carbohydrates on their surface, but they differ from
one person to another - Answer✔️✔️-RBCs
The antigens on red blood cells include: _______, _________, _________ or
_________ - Answer✔️✔️-A
B
AB
O
If someone is type A, this means they have the A antigen and they have
antibodies that recognize the antigens that they do not express. So, type A
has natural ______ antibodies that recognize the ______ antigen. Type B has
antibodies that recognize the ______ antigen. Type O has antibodies that
recognize the ________ and _______ antigen. Type AB has _________
antibodies - Answer✔️✔️-IgM
If you want to transfuse blood across individuals, then the antibodies can
cause trouble. For example, if type A is transfused into someone with type
B, then the recipient with type B (who has antibodies against type A) will
cause the destruction of type A blood either by ___________________
activation or _________________. This is called a ____________________
________________ - Answer✔️✔️-complement
phagocytosis
transfusion reaction
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