NYSTCE Multi-Subject CST: Part 3, Arts &
Sciences Exam Study Guide
Altimeter - answer✔✔An instrument that uses air pressure to record height, such as the height of
an airplane.
Anemometer - answer✔✔An instrument to measure wind speed.
Angiosperm - answer✔✔A group of plants that produce seeds enclosed within an ovary, which
may mature into a fruit.
Annuals - answer✔✔Plants that die after one growing season.
Asexual Reproduction - answer✔✔Reproduction involving ONE parent only.
Atmosphere - answer✔✔The Earth's atmosphere is primarily nitrogen and oxygen.
- atmosphere extends to the surface of about 10km.
- stratosphere extends from 10km to 50km
- mesosphere extends from 50km to 80km
- thermosphere extends beyond 80km
Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) - answer✔✔Light emission from the upper atmosphere that
appear in many shapes and colors.
Bacillus - answer✔✔a rod-shaped bacteria.
Blood - answer✔✔Fluid that circulates throughout the body of an animal, distributing nutrients
(usually oxygen).
Canopy - answer✔✔A layer of tree branches and other vegetation elevated above the ground.
Carbon Dioxide (C02) - answer✔✔A colorless, odorless gas that is important in the Earth's
atmospheric greenhouse effect.
Carcinogen - answer✔✔A substance that can lead to cancer.
Carcinoma - answer✔✔A malignant (infectious) tumor, which forms in the skin and outside of
internal organs.
Carnivore - answer✔✔An organism that eats meat, which includes animals, fungi, and plants.
Ceilometer - answer✔✔An instrument that measures cloud height.
Cell - answer✔✔A fundamental unit of all light. The cell consists of an outer plasma membrane,
the cytoplasm, and genetic material (DNA).
Celsius - answer✔✔A temperature scale which freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees.
Chemical Properties - answer✔✔Properties that do change the chemical nature of matter.
- change results in an entirely different kind of matter.
- burning, tarnishing, rusting, decomposing
Chemotherapy - answer✔✔A cancer treatment that includes chemicals toxic to malignant
(infected) cells.
Chinook Wind - answer✔✔A warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains.
Chlorophyll - answer✔✔The green substance that absorbs light during photosynthesis.
Chromosome - answer✔✔A single DNA molecule, a tightly coiled strand of DNA, condensed
into a compact structure.
Clone - answer✔✔An identical copy of an organism.
Cloud - answer✔✔A visible group of water or ice particles in the atmosphere.
Commensalism - answer✔✔A relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits
from the other without affecting it.
Continental Divide - answer✔✔In the United States, the part of the western mountains that
separates water flowing toward opposite side of the country.
Convection - answer✔✔The movement up in the atmosphere of heated moisture. Thunderstorms
are often caused by convection.
Core - answer✔✔The portion of the Earth from beneath the mantle of the Earth's center.
Cross-Pollination - answer✔✔Fertilization of one plant by pollen from a different plant.
Diabetes - answer✔✔A disease related to lowered levels of insulin.
Diploid Cell - answer✔✔A cell with TWO copies of each chromosome.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) - answer✔✔This primary component of chromosomes carries an
organisms genetic code.
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