Bio principles Genetics Exam with Questions & answers | A Graded
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Bio principles
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Bio Principles
ndependent assortement - the random distribution of the pairs of genes on
different chromosomes to the gametes
Linkage group - alleles of different genes that are located on the same chromosome and tend
to be inherited together
autosomes - chromosomes that are not directly involved in determini...
Bio principles Genetics Exam with
Questions & answers | A Graded
Independent assortement - ✔✔the random distribution of the pairs of genes on
different chromosomes to the gametes
Linkage group - ✔✔alleles of different genes that are located on the same chromosome and tend
to be inherited together
autosomes - ✔✔chromosomes that are not directly involved in determining the sex of an individual
sex chromosomes - ✔✔one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in the human, contains genes that
will determine the sex of the individual
N and 2N - ✔✔N is the haploid number of chromosomes in an organism. While 2n is the
diploid number, the pair of chromosomes in each cell.
Temperature induced (sex determinations?) - ✔✔figure this out before exam
Non-disjunctions - ✔✔failure of homologous to seperate in Meiosis I or failure of chromatids
to seperate in Meiosis II
, Aneuploidy - ✔✔A chromosomal aberration in which one or more chromosomes are present in
extra copies or are deficient in number.
Polyploidy - ✔✔condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
sex linkage - ✔✔an association between genes in sex chromosomes that makes some
characteristics appear more frequently in one sex than in the other
X-linkage - ✔✔sex-linked; traits carried on the X chromosome; likely to affect males
Barr bodies - ✔✔inactive X chromosome (condensed + visible) inside nuclear envelope- occurs
randomly and independently in each embryotic cell that is present @ the time of X-inactivation; this
explain why males survive with only 1 X chromosome
Sex-influenced traits - ✔✔an autosomal trait that is influenced by the presence of male or female
sex hormones
Limited traits - ✔✔^^ maybe double check
Inheritance Patterns - ✔✔Inheritance patterns trace the transmission of genetically encoded
traits, conditions or diseases to offspring
Blood groups - ✔✔A, B, AB, O and the Rh factor (+ or -)
Multiple alleles - ✔✔the existence of more than two alleles (versions of the gene) for a genetic trait
codominance - ✔✔situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the
organism, a condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive, inheritance
pattern in which a heterozygote expresses the distinct traits of both alleles
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