problem - answera statement that asks for a way to obtain output(s)
from input(s) that follows a specific input/output relationship
algorithm - answerAn ____for a problem is the step-by-step procedure that gives
an output for the specified input with respect to the input/output
relation of the given problem
algorithm - answersolves a given problem if it always gives the correct
output for every input(s)
linear search - answersimple iterative algorithm ___ that compares each
elements of 𝐴 with
Sorting - answercommonly used to solve other problems easier and
faster
Selection Sort - answerSearch for the minimum
element and put it in its
correct position
Repeat the process with
the remaining elements
Stop when all elements
are in order
binary search algorithm - answerThe ____ can be used to compute the (positive)
square root of a number 𝑛
base
case(s) and recursive case(s) - answerA recursive process has two main parts:
Base case(s): - answerused when the input is
small enough to perform step(s) directly
Recursive case(s) - answersteps that require
using the smaller instance of the process
being defined
, recursive function - answerfunction that uses recursion
is called a
recursive
call - answerThe function call that causes a
recursion is called a
recursive
function - answerEvery iterative procedure can
be converted to a
recursive - answerSome algorithms are naturally
tail
recursive - answerA recursive function is ____ if the only step after
doing the recursion is to return its
output
helper function - answerperforms partial
computation and passe the result of
this computation as input to the
recursive call, which will continue the
computation to completion
main factorial function - answerwill
initialize the helper function and
returns its result
running time - answeris the total time required by an algorithm to
process its input
0 - answerLinear search will need less time if 𝑥 is stored at/near index
Worst-case analysis - answerAssume the worst possible input to
the algorithm
Big-𝑂 notation - answertells us that the growth rate of 𝑇(𝑛) is the same or
better than 𝑓 𝑛 as 𝑛 increases
recurrence - answera mathematical function defined in terms of
itself
recurrence - answerrunning time of recursive algorithms can be
expressed naturally as a
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