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BIO-101L Virtual lab pcr
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This is a lab report from a BIO-101L lab that we did virtually PCR.
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Name: __Katie Letson____________________________Date: __7/29/2022____________________________
BIO 120L Module Five Lab Report: PCR Virtual Lab
Choose one of the following:
● Visit the Learn.Genetics website and, in the “PCR Virtual Lab” section, click Begin.
● Watch this video.
You will then carefully follow the prompts provided to complete the lab. Take notes as you go along for
use in answering the post-lab questions below. You may revisit the lab at any time.
1) Define PCR. What does the procedure entail, and how is it used in a laboratory setting?
Polymerase chain reaction is a technique used in laboratories to make copies of specific sections
of DNA and process their sequences. It can also increase the abilty to detect unique organisms.
For example, a virus could be detected. You would need a DNA template to be copied. You
would also need primers, short stretches of DNA to initiate the reaction. dNTP's is needed along
with Taq polymerase enzyme, and buffer. PCR needs to be done in a Thermocycler. This is used
to decrease and increase the temperature and intervals of the specimen.
The process requires denaturing. This is where the DNA seperates into two single stands by
increasing the temperature. Then the sample will be cooled a bit. Then add reverse primer to
all the single strands so they can bind. After the two primers attach to each strand then the Taq
polymerase(DNA enzyme) copies the DNA on half of the helix. Two double stranded DNA
sections are then formed. Then it is heated again and cooled to form four single strands. Then it
is done over and over to produce millions and even more.
2) What types of substances can DNA be extracted from?Sperm, cheek cells, skin, saliva, blood and
hair are all substances that have cells that contain DNA to be extracted.
3) Why is it important to add primer 1 to the PCR tube?
The primer must bond so that the polymerase enzyme can attach and begin creating a the new
strand of DNA. The primer must be added because they polymerize free nucleotides as well as
supply energy.
4) What is the purpose of adding primer 2?
Primer 2 targets the second site of the DNA.
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