Statistics (As a Whole) Answer: We begin with a population and something we want to know about that population.
If the population is small, we can perform a census (gather data from every individual) and calculate a parameter (a summary of our whole population).
If a population is too...
AP STATS - Summer Assignment 2024-
2025 ( Vocab ) Questions And Answers
Assessment
Statistics (As a Whole) Answer: We begin with a population and something we want to know about
that population.
If the population is small, we can perform a census (gather data from every individual) and calculate a
parameter (a summary of our whole population).
If a population is too big to perform a census, we can perform a sample (gather data from a small group
of individuals in our population) and calculate a statistic
Variability Answer: Differences... how things differ. There is variability everywhere.. We all look
different, act different, have different preferences... Statisticians look at these differences.
Descriptive vs. Inferential Answer: Descriptive describes the data you have, inferential uses that
data to make a statement about the whole population.
Think of descriptive as "describing what you have or what you see. ( Statistics can be descriptive if only
describing what is had. Ex. Sample 10 people about the average wait time at a coffee shop and the
sample mean is 3.2min. Just describing the mean of the sample which is the 3.2, this is descriptive )"
Think of inference as "using your information to jump to a conclusion." ( Ex. back to the same coffee
shop. After we took the sample and got the mean of 3.2, we can then use that 3.2min from the sample
to make an inference about the true wait time which would be the parameter)
, Data? Answer: Simply put, the information collected from each individual
Ex) You ask people if they like the Red Sox → each answer (yes or no) is a piece of data
Ex) You ask people their height → each person's height is a piece of data
Population Answer: The group you are interested in. It can be large (ex. Every adult in the US) or
small (ex. Each student in my AP Stats class)
Sample Answer: A subset or small collection/piece of your population. We usually sample because
our population is too large/big to do a census.
Census Answer: When you literally collect data from every individual in your population. It's easy to
do if the population is small (ex. Everyone in a classroom), but difficult if it is large (ex. Everyone in
Massachusetts).
Parameter Answer: A summary of your population's data [Summary of a Census].
(Parameter → Population)
Statistic Answer: A summary of your Sample ( Statistic -> Sample )
(Practice Problem) — Compare Data/Statistic/Parameter Answer: Data is each bit of information
collected from the individuals.
We then summarize them by, for example, finding a mean of a group of data /dataset
If the population was large and we performed a Sample, then we call that summary/mean a Statistic
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