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Anatomy and Physiology. Organization of the Human Body Questions and Answers
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Anatomy  :-- science of structure and relationships between structures Physiology  :-- science of body functions, how the parts work. What are 6 levels of body organization?  :-- 1. Chemical level. Atoms, the smallest units of matter and molecules, two or more atoms joined together....

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  • August 28, 2024
  • 19
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • anatomy and physiology organization of the human

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  • Anatomy and Physiology
  • Anatomy and Physiology

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Elscores: Aug. 27, 24- 2024/2025

Anatomy and Physiology. Organization of
the Human Body Questions and Answers
Anatomy


 :-- science of structure and relationships between structures




Physiology


 :-- science of body functions, how the parts work.




What are 6 levels of body organization?


 :-- 1. Chemical level. Atoms, the smallest units of matter and molecules, two or more

atoms joined together.

2. Cellular level. A combination of molecules. Cells are the basic structural and functional units

of an organism. Cells are made of organelles: nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes etc.

3. Tissue level. Tissues are groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together

to perform a particular function.

4. Organ level. Organs are 2 or more different kinds of tissues put together in often a

recognizable shape and have specific functions.

5. System level. System is related organs with a common function.

6. Organismal. Systems put together to make an organism.




Integumentary system. components and functions.




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 :-- Components: skin and associated structures: hair, nails, sweat and oil glands e.t.c.

Function is to help regulate body temperature, protect body, eliminate some waste, helps

make vitamin D, detects sensations: touch, pressure, pain, warmth and cold.




Skeletal system: components and functions.


 :-- Components: bones, joints and associated cartilages. Function: to support and protect

the body, area for muscle attachment, assists with body movements, stores cells that

produce blood cells, stores minerals and fats (lipids).




Muscular system: components and functions.


 :-- Components: skeletal muscle tissue, usually attached to bones. Functions: Participates

in producing body movements, produces heat and maintains posture.




Nervous system: components and functions.


 :-- Components: brain, spinal cord, nerves, special sense organs such as eyes and ears.

Functions: regulates body activities through nerve impulses by detecting changes in the

environment, interpreting the changes, and responding to changes by bringing about

muscular contractions or glandular secretions.




Endocrine system: components and functions.




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 :-- Components: all glands and tissues that produce chemical regulators of body

functions, called hormones. Functions: regulates body activities through hormones

transported by the blood to various target organs.




List glands in the endocrine system.


 :-- 1. Pineal gland.

2. Hypothalamus Pituitary gland.

3. Thyroid gland.

4. Parathyroid glands.

5. Adrenal gland.

6. Pancreas.

7. Testis.

8. Ovary.




Cardiovascular system: components and functions:


 :-- Components: blood, heart, and blood vessels. Functions: heart pump blood through

blood vessels, blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and carbon dioxide and wastes

away from cells, and helps regulate acidity, temperature, and water content of body

fluids; blood components help defend against disease and mend damaged blood vessels.




Lymphatic system and immunity: components and functions:




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