The site or natural environmental location in which the causative organism is normally found is
called the _________. - answer✔✔reservoir
___________ immunity is an epidemiological concept that explains the resistance of a
population to infection and the spread of an infectious organism due to the immunity of a high
percentage of the population. - answer✔✔Herd
Substances that are recognized as foreign and provoke immune responses are called _________.
- answer✔✔antigens
tf Microorganisms do not generally reproduce sexually; therefore, species are usually defined by
phenotypic and genotypic similarities. - answer✔✔true
Lysozyme is an enzyme that lyses _________. - answer✔✔bacteria
tf Generally, exotoxins tend to be more heat stable than endotoxins. - answer✔✔false
A __________ epidemic is characterized by a relatively slow and prolonged rise then a gradual
decline in the number of individuals infected. - answer✔✔propagated
tf The oral cavity of humans normally becomes colonized with microorganisms within hours
after birth. - answer✔✔true
The analysis of genetic relatedness by observing the DNA fragmentation patterns resulting from
restriction endonuclease cleavage is referred to as ______. - answer✔✔genetic fingerprinting
Microbiota of the skin are most likely to be found - answer✔✔in association with oil and sweat
glands.
tf Microbial species are collections of strains that share many stable properties in common but
differ significantly from other strains. - answer✔✔true
tf The lower genitourinary tract is usually free of microorganisms. - answer✔✔false
The sudden, unexpected occurrence of a disease in a limited segment of a population is called
a(n) _________. - answer✔✔outbreak
A classification system based on evolutionary relationships is called a __________ system. -
answer✔✔phylogenetic
tf The term "sexually transmitted infection" is more accurate than "sexually transmitted disease"
because it is a sexually transmitted pathogen may colonize host tissues without causing further
damage to the host. - answer✔✔true
The final outcome of most host-parasite relationships depends on - answer✔✔All of the choices
are correct. (the number of organisms present in or on the host., the host's defenses., the
virulence of the organism.)
tf During phagocytosis, the phagolysosome forms before the phagosome forms. -
answer✔✔false
Which of the following is an example of the use of the binomial system devised by Linnaeus? -
answer✔✔Escherichia coli
A bacterial genus that is found in large numbers in the intestinal tract of breast-fed infants is -
answer✔✔Bifidobacteria.
Which of the following contributes to the emergence of new diseases? - answer✔✔All of the
choices are correct. (Ecological disruption such as the loss of predators and the destruction of
rain forests, Rapid transportation systems and the mobility of the population, Increased drug
usage and sexual promiscuity)
tf Antigens in vaccines are mixed with an adjuvant to enhance the rate and degree of
immunization. - answer✔✔true
tf Although there are other classification schemes for prokaryotes, the one used in Bergey's
Manual is currently considered by most microbiologists to be the most accurate. - answer✔✔true
The science dealing with classification is called ______. - answer✔✔taxonomy
The first case in an epidemic is called the _________. - answer✔✔index case
Which agency is specifically responsible of the monitoring of disease and the implementation of
prevention and control strategies in the United States? - answer✔✔Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention
The inhalation of cigarette smoke and similar pollutants has a gradual effect on cilia lining the
respiratory tract, first causing the beating to slow and eventually stop. How does this change in
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Thebright. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
