What is Robert Hooke known for? - answer✔✔He is the first person to see a cell. Also Helped
construct the first microscope.
What is Antonie van Leeuwenhoek known for? - answer✔✔Made His own Microscope (Single-
lens), Observations also published by the Royal Society.
Malpighi and Odierna - answer✔✔Published two volumes of microscopic observations of the
human excretory system in the Royal Society
spontaneous generation - answer✔✔the mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving
sources
Which scientist's sought to debase spontaneous generation? - answer✔✔Redi and Pasteur
Francesco Redi - answer✔✔This scientist disproved spontaneous generation by showing that
maggots do not spontaneously arise from decaying meat.
Louis Pasteur - answer✔✔A French chemist, this man discovered that heat could kill bacteria
that otherwise spoiled liquids including milk, wine, and beer. (Swan neck experiments)
Robert Koch - answer✔✔Debased miasma theory of disease causation
Miasma Theory of Disease - answer✔✔a discredited theory in which 'bad air' was accepted as
the cause of diseases.
What are the three domains? - answer✔✔Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Traits shared by all domains of life - answer✔✔dsDNA, RNA pol, Protein domains, aqueous
cytosol
Traits that differ between domains - answer✔✔Size, Metabolism, gene orientation, chromosome,
multicellularity
What are the microbial eukaryotes - answer✔✔Protozoa, Fungi, Algae
Lynn Margulis - answer✔✔Developed the Endosymbiotic Theory.
Endosymbiosis - answer✔✔A theorized process in which early eukaryotic cells were formed
from simpler prokaryotes.
Viruses - answer✔✔Considered by scientists to be Non-living particles
size of microbes - answer✔✔Can Differ in size by several orders of magnitude
What % of the ocean is chlorophyll? - answer✔✔60%
Bacilli - answer✔✔rod shaped
Cocci - answer✔✔spherical
Spirochetes - answer✔✔spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of
movement
What is resolution? - answer✔✔The ability to clearly distinguish the individual parts of an object
light microscope (LM) - answer✔✔Rely on absorption of light by the target object(s)
electron microscope (EM) - answer✔✔Images are resolved via an electron field
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) - answer✔✔map specimen topography (3D), specimen can be
alive
Gram stain - answer✔✔A staining method that distinguishes between two different kinds of
bacterial cell walls.
Process for gram staining - answer✔✔1)crystal violet
2) iodine
3) ethanol
4)safranin
negative stain - answer✔✔colors the background, which makes capsules more visible
acid fast stain - answer✔✔targets mycolic acids in species of Mycobacterium
spore stain - answer✔✔malachite green binds to endospore coat of spore-forming bacteria
fluorescence microscopy - answer✔✔uses a fluorescent dye that emits fluorescence when
illuminated with ultraviolet radiation
The specificity of a fluorophore is determined in part by? - answer✔✔Chemical affinity, labeled
antibodies, DNA hybridization
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