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NURS 1543 MIDTERM EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
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NURS 1543 MIDTERM EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION...
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NURS 1543 MIDTERM EXAM WITHCOMPLETE SOLUTION
Subjective Data - ANSWER Information perceived by the patient, up to
determination (e.g. Pain Scale) perceptions, feelings, and experiences, levels
(things that cannot be measured)
Objective Data - ANSWER What the health professional observes during
physical examination (measured, factual) (Vital signs or laboratory results)
Perception of Health - ANSWER Patient's definition/view of health
(biomedical or holistic model)
4 Types of Data Bases - ANSWER Complete, Episodic, Follow Up, Emergency
health history assessments
OPQRSTU - ANSWER Onset, Provocative/Palliative, Quality/Quantity,
Region/Radiation, Severity Scale, Timing, Understanding patients perception
Techniques of Communication - ANSWER Introducing the interview, working
phase, closing the interview
10 Traps of Interviewing - ANSWER Providing false assurance, giving
unwanted advice, using authority, using avoidance language, engaging in
distancing, using professional jargon, using leading or biased questions,
talking too much, interrupting, using 'why' questions
IPPA - ANSWER Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation
Inspection - ANSWER Visual examination of the body, looking for visual
abnormalities (comparisons)
,Palpation - ANSWER Examination technique done by touching the patient,
pressing or applying pressure to feel texture, tenderness, and temperature
Percussion - ANSWER Tapping on the surface of a patient to determine
differences in sound, listening for abnormalities
Auscultation - ANSWER Listening with a stethoscope for abnormalities,
assessing functions of internal organs and breathing patterns
Inspection: Common Inspections - ANSWER Symmetry, Colour, Posture,
Patient Gestures
Palpation: How to Palpate - ANSWER Skin temperature = dorsal/back of
hands, Tactile discrimination = fingertips, Position + Shape of organ/mass =
grasping of fingers + thumb, Vibration = Metacarpophalangeal joints/ulnar
surfaces
Percussion: Tympany - ANSWER Fluid-filled organs producing high-pitched
drum-like sounds
Percussion: Dullness - ANSWER Dense tissue zones producing thud-like
sounds
Percussion: Resonance - ANSWER Sounds from adult lung tissue, low-pitch
and hollow, non-clear sounds could indicate fluid in lungs
Percussion: Hyperresonance - ANSWER Sounds from child lung tissue,
increased air, lower-pitch, booming sound
Percussion: Flat percussion - ANSWER Sounds from muscle, bone, tumor
areas, very short duration, instant stop of sounds
Auscultation: Layers of Skin - ANSWER Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis
, (Subcutaneous Tissue)
Epidermis - ANSWER Outermost layer of the skin, protective layer against
environment, pathogens, UV rays
Dermis - ANSWER Layer under the epidermis, thick layer of connective tissue
containing blood vessels, nerve endings, hair follicles, sweat glands,
sebaceous glands, collagen, and elastin fibers
Hypodermis - ANSWER Deepest layer of the skin, located beneath the
dermis, contains adipose (fat) tissue and connective tissue, functions as an
insulator and cushion
Functions of the Skin - ANSWER Protection, Prevention of Penetration,
Perception, Temperature Regulation, Identification, Communication, Wound
Repair, Absorption + Excretion, Production of Vitamin D
Skin Development for Newborns - ANSWER Lanugo, Vernix Caseosa,
increased risk for fluid loss, ineffective temperature regulation
Skin Development During Puberty - ANSWER Increased sweat gland
secretion, more active sebaceous glands, development of secondary sex
characteristics
Skin Development for Pregnant Women - ANSWER Linea nigra, Striae
Gravidarum, increased oil and sweat secretion, increased pigmentation, fat
deposits
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