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PEDIATRIC HESI HINTS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PEDIATRIC HESI HINTS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PEDIATRIC HESI HINTS EXAMQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Client safety is the hallmark of nursing. The fundamental components of nursing
practice include nursing process integrated with caring, communication, culture and
spirituality, teaching and learning as well as documentation of the integration of each of
these elements. - Answer -
Theories of Development: --> - Answer -Erikson--8 stages of development:
-Trust vs Mistrust(infancy: 1-2y)
-Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt(2-4)
-Initiative vs guilt(4-5)
-Industry vs Inferiority(5-12)
-Identity vs Role confusion(13-19)
-Intimacy Vs Isolation(20-40)
-Generativity vs. Stagnation(40-65)
-Integrity vs. Despair (65-death)
Piaget: 4 stages of cognitive Development:
-Sensorimotor period(0-2)
-Preoperational thought(2-7)
-Concrete operation(7-11)
-Formal operation(12+)
Kohlberg Moral Development:
-Naivete and Egocentrism
-Punishment-obedience orientation
-Instrumental Hedonism and Concrete Reciprocity
-Good boy or Good girl Orientation
-Personal Principle Orientation
-Universal principle Orientation
Knowledge of normal growth and development is used to evaluate interventions and
therapy. For example, what behavior would indicate that thyroid hormone therapy for a
4-month old is effective? You must know which milestones are accomplished by a 4-
month-old. One correct answer would be: Has steady head control. --> - Answer -"The
baby can pick up his head & laughs and turns from his back to his stomach"
Other:
-comforts self with thumb or pacifier
-reacts to sight of bottle or breast
, -turns around when lying on stomach
-lifts head and chest when lying on stomach
-picks toy up with one hand
-looks at and reaches for faces and toys
Use facts and principles related to growth and development in planning teaching
interventions. For example:What task could a 5-year-old child with diabetes expect to
accomplish by himself/herself? One correct answer would be to let the child choose the
injection sites. This is possible fora preschooler to do and gives the child some sense of
control - Answer --Initiative vs guilt(4-5)
-Industry vs Inferiority(5-12)
School-age children are in Erikson's stage of industry, meaning they like to do and
accomplish things. Peers are also becoming important for children of this age. - Answer
-
Tanner Stages of Pubertal Development: --> - Answer -Girls: Breast Changes, rapid
increase in height and weight, growth of pubic hair, appearance of axillary hair,
menstruation, abrupt deceleration of linear growth
Boys: Enlargement of testicles;growth of pubic hair, axillary hair, facial hair and body
hair;rapid increase in height;changes in larynx and voice; nocturnal emissions; abrupt
deceleration of linear growth
Accidents are a major cause of death in children and adolescents. Teach parents and
children developmentally appropriate safety and accident-prevention techniques -
Answer -
Review of age groups: Frequently tested content areas on the NCLEX** --> - Answer --
When does birth length double: By 4 years
-When does the child sit unsupported: 8 months
-When does a child achieve 50% of adult height" by 2 years
-When does a child throw a ball overhead: 18 months
-When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences: 2 years
-When does a child use scissors: 4 years
-When does a child tie his or her shoe: 5 Years
-Be aware that a girl's growth spurt during adolescence begins earlier than a boy's(as
early as 10 years of age)
-Temper tantrums are common in toddler(They are considered normal or average
behavior)
-Be aware that adolescence is a time when the child forms his or her identity and that
rebellion against family values is common for this age group.
Age group's concepts of bodily injury: --> - Answer --Infants: After 6 months, their
cognitive development allows them to remember pain.
-Toddlers: They fear intrusive procedures
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