Post partum hemorrhage -bleeding of more than 500 mL after vaginal deliver
-bleeding of more than 1000 mL after C-section
Major obstetric hemorrhage blood loss of more than mL
or
bleeding that required more than 5 units of transfused blood
Primary postpartum hemorrhage occurs in the firs...
NUR 340 Exam 4 Questions and
Complete Solutions
Post partum hemorrhage ✅-bleeding of more than 500 mL after vaginal deliver
-bleeding of more than 1000 mL after C-section
Major obstetric hemorrhage ✅blood loss of more than 1500-2500 mL
or
bleeding that required more than 5 units of transfused blood
Primary postpartum hemorrhage ✅occurs in the first 24 hours after delivery
Delayed postpartum hemorrhage ✅blood loss that occurs 24 hours to 12 weeks after
birth
Manifestations of shock due to blood loss: Mild, mod. severe shock, blood loss percent,
and the signs and symptoms ✅Mild: 20%
-diaphoresis, inc. capillary refilling, cool extremities, maternal anxiety
Uterine inversion ✅-when the top of the uterus collapses into the inner cavity
-due to excessive fundal pressure or pulling on the umbilical cord when the placenta is
still firmly attached to the fundus after the infant has been born
Thrombosis ✅Formation of a blood clot
,Complications associated with DIC ✅-abruptio placentae
-amniotic fluid embolism
-intrauterine fetal death with prolonged retention of the fetus
-acute fatty liver of pregnancy
-severe preeclampsia
-HELLP syndrome
-septicemia
-postpartum hemorrhage
Clinical features of DIC ✅-petechiae
-ecchymoses
-bleeding gums
-fever
-hypotension
-acidosis
-hematomas
-tachycardia
-proteinuria
-uncontrolled bleeding during birth
-acute renal failure
Finding: displaced soft and boggy uterus
What's the cause? ✅Distended bladder
Finding: Dark red bleeding mixed with clots
What's the cause? ✅placenta fragments remaining
Finding: Firm midline uterus with stead stream or trickle of blood
What's the cause? ✅Lacerations
Finding: Bulging area under skin surface
What's the cause? ✅Hematoma
Finding: Petechia or ecchymoses
What's the cause? ✅-thrombocytapenia purpura
*thrombin disorders in general
Finding: Bleeding from IV site, incision site, gums and/or bladder
What's the cause? ✅*thrombin disorders
-DIC
Finding: Prolonged, uncontrolled uterine bleeding
What's the cause? ✅Thrombin disorders
Conditions associated with overdistention of uterus
, *Factors increasing risk for PPH ✅Tone: abnormalities of uterine contractions
-Polyhydramnios
-Multifetal gestation
-Macrosomia
Conditions associated with uterine muscle exhaustion
*Factors increasing risk for PPH ✅Tone: abnormalities of uterine contractions
-Rapid labor
-Prolonged labor
-Oxytocin use
Conditions associated with uterine infection
*Factors increasing risk for PPH ✅Tone: abnormalities of uterine contractions
-maternal fever
-prolonged rupture of membranes
Conditions associated with products of conception
*Factors increasing risk for PPH ✅Tissue: retained uterus
-complete placenta at birth
Conditions associated with retained blood clots
*Factors increasing risk for PPH ✅Tissue: retained in uterus
-atonic uterus
Conditions associated with lacerations (anywhere)
*Factors increasing risk for PPH ✅Trauma: of the genital tract
-precipitate birth
-operative birth
Condition associated with laceration extensions
*Factors increasing risk for PPH ✅Trauma: of the genital tract
-malposition of the fetus
-previous uterine surgery
Conditions associated with Uterine inversion
*Factors increasing risk for PPH ✅Trauma: of the genital tract
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