NUR 340 Cumulative Final NCLEX
Questions and Correct Answers
A nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU who is being monitored for a possible cerebral
aneurysm following a loss of consciousness in the emergency department (ED). The
nurse anticipates preparing the patient for ordered diagnostic tests. What aspect of
nursing does this nurse's knowledge of the diagnostic procedures reflect?
a. The art of nursing
b. The science of nursing
c. The caring aspect of nursing
d. The holistic approach to nursing ✅b The science of nursing is the knowledge base
for care that is provided. In contrast, the skilled application of that knowledge is the art
of nursing. Providing holistic care to patients based on the science of nursing is
considered the art of nursing.
Nurses today complete a nursing education program, and practice nursing that identifies
the personal needs of the patient and the role of the nurse in meeting those needs.
Which nursing pioneer is MOST instrumental in this birth of modern nursing?
a. Clara Barton
b. Lilian Wald
c. Lavinia Dock
d. Florence Nightingale ✅d Florence Nightingale elevated the status of nursing to a
respected occupation, improved the quality of nursing care, and founded modern
nursing education. Clara Barton established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882.
Lillian Wald was the founder of public health nursing. Lavinia Dock was a nursing leader
and women's rights activist instrumental in establishing women's right to vote.
The role of nurses in today's society was influenced by the nurse's role in early
civilization. Which statement best portrays this earlier role?
a. Women who committed crimes were recruited into nursing the sick in lieu of serving
jail sentences.
b. Nurses identified the personal needs of the patient and their role in meeting those
needs.
c. Women called deaconesses made the first visits to the sick, and male religious orders
cared for the sick and buried the dead.
d. The nurse was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by using herbal
remedies. ✅d. In early civilizations, the nurse usually was the mother who cared for
her family during sickness by providing physical care and herbal remedies. This
nurturing and caring role of the nurse has continued to the present.
Nurses today work in a wide variety of health care settings. What trend occurred during
World War II that had a tremendous effect on this development in the nursing
profession?
,a. There was a shortage of nurses and an increased emphasis on education.
b. Emphasis on the war slowed development of knowledge in medicine and technology
c. The role of the nurse focused on acute technical skills used in hospital settings.
d. Nursing was dependent on the medical profession to define its priorities. ✅a. During
WWII, large numbers of women worked outside the home, became more independent
and assertive, which led to an increased emphasis on education
A nurse practicing in a primary care center uses the ANA's Nursing's Social Policy
Statement as a guideline for practice. Which purposes of nursing are outlined in this
document? Select all that apply.
a. A description of the nurse as a dependent caregiver
b. The provision of standards for nursing educational programs
c. A definition of the scope of nursing practice
d. The establishment of a knowledge base for nursing practice
e. A description of nursing's social responsibility
d. The regulation of nursing research ✅c, d, e The ANA Social Policy Statement
(2010) describes the social context of nursing, a definition of nursing, the knowledge
base for nursing practice, the scope of nursing practice, standards of professional
nursing practice, and the regulation of professional nursing.
A nurse working in a rehabilitation facility focuses on the goal of restoring health for
patients. Which examples of nursing interventions reflect this goal? Select all that apply.
a. A nurse counsels adolescents in a drug rehabilitation program
b. A nurse performs range-of-motion exercises for a patient on bedrest
c. A nurse shows a diabetic patient how to inject insulin
d. A nurse recommends a yoga class for a busy executive
e. A nurse provides hospice care for a patient with end-stage cancer
f. A nurse teaches a nutrition class at a local high school ✅a, b, c Activities to restore
health focus on the person with an illness and range from early detection of a disease to
rehabilitation and teaching during recovery. Recommending a yoga class for stress
reduction is a goal of preventing illness, and teaching a nutrition class is a goal of
promoting health. A hospice care nurse helps to facilitate coping with disability and
death.
A nurse instructor outlines the criteria establishing nursing as a profession. What
teaching point correctly describes this criteria? Select all that apply.
a. Nursing is composed of a well-defined body of general knowledge
b. Nursing interventions are dependent upon medical practice
c. Nursing is a recognized authority by a professional group
d. Nursing is regulated by the medical industry
e. Nursing has a code of ethics
f. Nursing is influenced by ongoing research ✅c, e, f Nursing is recognized
increasingly as a profession based on the following defining criteria: well-defined body
of specific and unique knowledge, strong service orientation, recognized authority by a
professional group, code of ethics, professional organization that sets standards,
ongoing research, and autonomy and self-regulation.
,A nurse is practicing as a nurse-midwife in a busy OB-GYN office. Which degree in
nursing is necessary to practice at this level?
a. LPN
b. ADN
c. BSN
d. MSN ✅d A master's degree (MSN) prepares advanced practice nurses. Many
master's graduates gain national certification in their specialty area, for example, as
family nurse practitioners (FNPs) or nurse midwives.
Nursing in the United States is regulated by the state nurse practice act. What is a
common element of each state's nurse practice act?
a. Defining the legal scope of nursing practice
b. Providing continuing education programs
c. Determining the content covered in the NCLEX examination
d. Creating institutional policies for health care practice ✅a Nurse practice acts are
established in each state to regulate the practice of nursing by defining the legal scope
of nursing practice, creating a state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and
regulations, define important terms and activities in nursing, and establish criteria for the
education and licensure of nurses.
According to the National Advisory Council on Nurse Education and Practice, what is a
current health care trend contributing to 21st century challenges to nursing practice?
a. Decreased numbers of hospitalized patients
b. Older and more acutely ill patients
c. Decreasing health care costs owing to managed care
d. Slowed advanced in medical knowledge and technology ✅b The National Advisory
Council on Nurse Education and Practice identifies the following critical challenges to
nursing practice in the 21st century: A growing population of hospitalized patients who
are older and more acutely ill, increasing health care costs, and the need to stay current
with rapid advances in medical knowledge and technology.
A student nurse asks an experienced nurse why it is necessary to change the patient's
bed every day. The nurse answers: "I guess we have just always done it that way." This
answer is an example of what type of knowledge?
a. Instinctive knowledge
b. Scientific knowledge
c. Authoritative knowledge
d. Traditional knowledge ✅d Traditional knowledge is the part of nursing practice
passed down from generation to generation, often without research data to support it.
Scientific knowledge is that knowledge obtained through the scientific method (implying
thorough research). Authoritative knowledge comes from an expert and is accepted as
truth based on the person's perceived expertise. Instinct is not a source of knowledge.
, A nurse is using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice (JHNEBP) model
PET as a clinical decision-making tool when delivering care to patients. Which steps
reflect the intended use of this tool? Select all that apply.
a. A nurse recruits an interprofessional team to develop and refine an EBP question.
b. A nurse draws from personal experiences of being a patient to establish a therapeutic
relationship with a patient.
c. A nurse searches the Internet to find the latest treatments for type 2 diabetes.
d. A nurse uses spiritual training to draw strength when counseling a patient who is in
hospice for an inoperable brain tumor.
e. A nurse questions the protocol for assessing postoperative patients in the ICU.
f. A nursing student studies anatomy and physiology of the body systems to understand
the disease states of assigned patients. ✅a, c, e The JHNEBP model is a powerful
problem-solving approach to clinical decision making, and is accompanied by user-
friendly tools to guide individual or group use. It is designed specifically to meet the
needs of the practicing nurse and uses a three-step process called PET: practice
question, evidence, and translation. The goal of the model is to ensure that the latest
research findings and best practices are quickly and appropriately incorporated into
patient care. Steps in PET include, but are not limited to, recruiting an interprofessional
team, developing and refining the EBP question, and conducting internal and external
searches for evidence.
A nurse is using general systems theory to describe the role of nursing to provide health
promotion and patient teaching. Which statements reflect key points of this theory?
Select all that apply.
a. A system is a set of individual elements that rarely interact with each other
b. The whole system is always greater than the sum of its parts
c. Boundaries separate systems from each other and their environments
d. A change in one subsystem will not affect other subsystems
e. To survive, open systems maintain balance through feedback
f. A closed system allows input from or output to the environment ✅b, c, e According to
general systems theory, a system is a set of interacting elements contributing to the
overall goal of the system. The whole system is always greater than its parts.
Boundaries separate systems from each other and their environments. Systems are
hierarchical in nature and are composed of interrelated subsystems that work together
in such a way that a change in one element could affect other subsystems, as well as
the whole. To survive, open systems maintain balance through feedback. An open
system allows energy, matter, and information to move freely between systems and
boundaries, whereas a closed system does not allow input from or output to the
environment.
A charge nurse meets with staff to outline a plan to provide transcultural nursing care for
patients in their health care facility. Which theorist promoted this type of caring as the
central theme of nursing care, knowledge, and practice?a. Madeline Leininger
b. Jean Watson
c. Dorothy E. Johnson
