BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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Course
Nothern Arizona University
Institution
Nothern Arizona University
BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
Matter - Answer️️ -Anything that occupies space and has a mass
Three Physical States of Matter - Answer️️ -Solid, liquid, gas
Element - Answer️️ -Substance that cannot be broken down into
other substances by chemical reactions...
Octet rule - Answer✔️✔️-Atoms are most stable when their outer
shell is full. The outer shell has to be filled with 8 electrons EXCEPT
Hydrogen and Helium with just 2 electrons.
Valence Electrons - Answer✔️✔️-Electrons more likely to form bonds,
taken away, or shared with other atoms. Electrons in the outer shell
Compounds - Answer✔️✔️-Putting two elements together
Two types of chemical bonds - Answer✔️✔️-Ionic and covalent
Ionic Bonds - Answer✔️✔️-ELECTRON SWAP- formed between
oppositely charged ions. Ex; NaCl
Ions (2 types) - Answer✔️✔️-Charged atoms
Cations: Have a net positive charge (+)
Anions: Have a net negative charge (-)
Ionic - Answer✔️✔️-Something with a charge
Covalent Bond - Answer✔️✔️-Forms when two atoms SHARE one or
more pairs of outer-shell electrons. These bonds are the strongest of
bonds.
Polar Molecules - Answer✔️✔️-An uneven distribution of charge Ex;
H2O. Hydrogen are slightly positive, oxygen is slightly negative.
Hydrogen Bond - Answer✔️✔️-A weak attraction between a partially
positive hydrogen and a partially negative atom like Oxygen. Causes
cohesion
Cohesion - Answer✔️✔️-The tendency of molecules of the same kind
to stick together. Ex; sipping through a straw. In order for the water
to be sucked up and stuck together is cohesion
Heat - Answer✔️✔️-The amount of energy associated wit hteh
movement of the atoms and molecules in a body of matter
Temperature - Answer✔️✔️-Measures the intensity of heat
Evaporative Cooling - Answer✔️✔️-Occurs when a substance
evaporates and the surface of the liquid remaining behind cools
down. Ex; sweating
Aqueous Solution - Answer✔️✔️-When water is the solvent
Hydrophilic - Answer✔️✔️-Likes and will dissolve in water
Polar Covalent bonds - Answer✔️✔️-Hydrophilic, will dissolve in
water
Hydrophobic - Answer✔️✔️-water fearing, does not dissolve in water,
nonpolar molecules like OILS
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