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TOXICOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRAIDED A+
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TOXICOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRAIDED A+
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TOXICOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERSGRAIDED A+
Step 2- Decontamination - ASNWER-To prevent absorption ● Wear PPE
Ocular decontamination - ASNWER-Flush repeatedly with water or saline 20-30
min ASAP
○ Ocular incidents are always an emergency
dermal decontamination - ASNWER-Bathe with dawn dish soap. Rinse well and
dry thoroughly
○ Sticky things- Massage in vegetable oil, mineral oil, peanut butter, mayonnaise
until it balls up and can be brushed out.
,■ Don't use mineral oil in birds, tough to get out of feathers
Oral ingestion decontamination - ASNWER-Dilution- Corrosive or irritants (acids,
bases, anything you don't want them to experience again) ○ Milk or water- 1-3
mL/lb
○ Exotic animals use juicy fruits (not the gum) instead of milk
Emesis- Dog, cats, pigs, ferrets - ASNWER-Not rats, rabbits, birds, horses,
ruminants- Don't vomit or not well
○ Ideally feed small moist meal
○ Ingestion time important- Generally more than 2-4 hours, not ideal
○ Caution with heart disease, epilepsy, recent abdominal surgery, obtunded or
comatose animals
Emesis- the how - ASNWER-3% hydrogen peroxide- dogs, ferrets, pigs
○ 1mL/lb body weight- DO NOT exceed 45mL
○ Usually 15-20 min
■ Can repeat 1 time ○ MAKE SURE YOU HAVE THE PROPER CONCENTRATION
● Apomorphine- Dogs
○ IV- Injectable solution
○ Power- Conjunctival sac (flush out after vomiting) ● Xylazine and spin- Cats
(dexmeditomidine works too)
● Clevor- New product, eye drops per body weight ● DON'T use salt
Decontamination-activated charcoal - ASNWER-adsorbent, binds toxin to surface
and prevent absorption into blood stream, facilitates excretion through feces
, --Not for caustic material, ethanol, methanol, fertilizer, fluoride, petroleum
products, heavy metals, iodides, nitrates, nitrites, NaCl, chlorate
○ Syringe feed or mix small amount of food with charcoal
most important thing in toxicology - ASNWER-get a history on how much they
weigh and what they consumed
step 1 - ASNWER-Triage the pet
○ RR, CRT, MM color, HR, Temp
○ DON'T forget your ABCs
● Stabilize- Treat the pet not the poison ○ O2 therapy, IV catheter
Macadamia nuts- Me too - ASNWER-Contain ○ Who knows?
● Cause○ Weakness, depression, vomiting, ataxia, tremors, hyperthermia
● Duration○ First 12 hrs after ingestion
prognosis- good
tx of Macadamia nuts - ASNWER-Emesis
○ Supportive care (IV fluids), beta blockers for tachycardia if needed
● Prognosis- Good
Yeast bread dough - ASNWER-Contain
○ Produces ethanol and carbon dioxide
● Cause○ Drunkenness and bloating
■ Abdominal pain, vomiting, ataxia, depression
● Duration○ First 12 hrs after ingestion
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