Exam (elaborations)
mod 21: oral cavity and taste
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mod 21: oral cavity and taste mod 21: oral cavity and taste mod 21: oral cavity and taste
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mod 21: oral cavity and tasteWhat type of epithelium lines the oral cavity? - The oral cavity is lined by the oral mucosa, which is
composed of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
What are the functions of saliva? - At mealtime, saliva lubricates the mouth and dissolves chemicals
that stimulate the taste buds. Saliva contains the digestive enzyme salivary amylase, which begins
the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates.
What nutrient begins its chemical breakdown in the mouth? - Carbohydrates are broken down by
salivary amylase in the mouth.
Pretend you are eating an apple. Summarize the actions of your teeth. - The incisors cut away a
section of the apple, which then enters the mouth. The canines tear at the rough skin and pulp of
the apple. The apple then moves to the premolars and molars for thorough mashing and grinding
before finally being swallowed.
Where are taste receptors located? - Gustatory epithelial cells are clustered in individual taste buds.
Lingual papillae contain taste buds.
List the four types of lingual papillae. - The tongue has four types of lingual papillae: filiform,
fungiform, vallate, and foliate.
Gustatory information from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is carried to the gustatory cortex of the
cerebrum via which cranial nerve? - facial nerve
Which taste sensation is produced by receptors sensitive to the presence of the amino acid
glutamate? - umami
Karen notices that her steak has been overcooked, as evidenced by its mushy texture. This
information travels to the brain along the __________ nerve. - trigeminal (cn 5)
The ________ prevents extreme movements of the tongue; however if it is too restrictive, the
individual cannot eat or speak normally. - lingual frenulum
Projections on the dorsum of the tongue, some of which house taste buds, are the ________. -
papillae
, The largest salivary gland is which of the following? - parotid
About 70 percent of the saliva originates in the ________ salivary glands. - submandibular
The hardest biologically manufactured substance in the body is ________. - enamel
Canines are also called ________. - cuspids
How many deciduous teeth are usually present? - 20
Taste buds are innervated by which cranial nerves? - CN 7, 9, 10
Which type of epithelium lines the oral cavity, the pharynx, and the esophagus, where foods can
cause friction? - stratified squamous
The __________ is a structure that anchors the tongue but may impair speech and eating if it is too
short. - lingual frenulum
Salivary amylase is a digestive enzyme that is produced by the __________ and that breaks down
__________. - parotid glands, carbohydrates
vestibule - space between the lip and teeth
oral cavity proper - space that extends from gums and teeth to palates
cheeks - lateral walls of the mouth
-buccinator muscle: CN 7
lips - form the opening to the oral cavity
-orbicularis oris muscle CN 7
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