AP Biology Unit 1 Test Questions
With Correct Answers
Water - answer✔✔-polar molecule
-polar colvalent bonds
-oxygen end is partial negative and the hydrogens have a partially positive end
-cohesive
polar covalent bonds - answer✔✔-opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges
cohesion - answer✔✔-H bonding between H2O creates it (sticky)
-allows for the movement of water against gravity
-high surface tension
-water moves up a tree by transpiration (helped by ____)
adhesion - answer✔✔-H2O molecules form H bonds with other substances
~capillary action
~meniscus
~water climbs up fiber
solvent - answer✔✔-water is the universal one
-polar water molecules will surround the (+) and (-) ions causing the ions to separate and
dissolve
-dissolve solutes and create aqueous solutions
hydrophilic - answer✔✔-some molecules have an affinity for water
-polar and ionic molecules
-ex: cotton, cellulose, paper
hydrophobic - answer✔✔-some substances do not have an affinity for water
floats - answer✔✔-less dense when it is solid, water ______
-forms crystal lattice structure
-important because oceans and lakes do not freeze solid
~insulates water below
~seasonal turnover of lakes
specific heat - answer✔✔-the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g to change its
temperature by 1C
-water had high _____ due to H bonding
-resists change in temp
-moderates temp on earth
evaporative cooling - answer✔✔-organisms use to regulate their temperature
-ex: sweating
-water evaporates through a surface, cooling occurs
acidic - answer✔✔If [H+]>[-OH]
basic - answer✔✔If [-OH]>[H+]
pH scale - answer✔✔-how acidic or basic a solution is
-pure water, only 1 molecule in every 554 million is dissociated
-most biological fluids have 6-8
-each unit represents a 10-fold difference in H+ and -OH concentrations
neutral - answer✔✔-If concentration of 2 ions is equal
carbon - answer✔✔-all life mostly based on this element
-important due to its electron configuration
~able to make 4 stable covalent bonds (tetra valence)
~very versatile
-tetravalence allows them to be strung together in chains
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