Chapter 35 Burns Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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Course
Burns
Institution
Burns
What is a leading cause of death in the hospitalized burn patient?
a. Smoke inhalation
b. Infection
c. Burn shock
d. Renal failure - Answer-ANS: B. Infection
Preventing infection in burn patients is a true challenge and involves complex decision making. Considerable debate has been going on ...
Chapter 35 Burns Exam Questions with
Correct Answers
What is a leading cause of death in the hospitalized burn patient?
a. Smoke inhalation
b. Infection
c. Burn shock
d. Renal failure - Answer-ANS: B. Infection
Preventing infection in burn patients is a true challenge and involves complex decision
making. Considerable debate has been going on about the infection control precautions
to use with burn patients. The burn wound is the most common source of infection in
burn patients.
A patient is admitted after being burned in a house fire. The nurse feels that the patient
should be transferred to a burn center. Which factor is most important when determining
whether or not to refer a patient to a burn center?
A. The size and depth of burn injury and the burning agent
B. The age and present medical history of the patient
C. The depth of the burn injury and the presence of soot in
the sputum
D. The medical history of the patient and the size and depth of the burn injury - Answer-
ANS: D. The medical history of the patient and the size and depth of the burn injury
Burns are classified primarily according to the size and depth of injury. However, the
type and location of the burn and the patient's age and medical history are also
significant considerations. Recognition of the magnitude of burn injury, which is based
on the above-mentioned factors, is of crucial importance in the overall plan of care and
in decisions concerning patient management and appropriate referral to a burn center.
Using the "rule of nines," calculate the percent of injury in an adult who was injured as
follows: the patient sustained partial and full-thickness burns to half of his left arm, his
entire left leg, and his perineum.
a. 28%
b. 23.5%
c. 45.5%
d. 16% - Answer-ANS: B. 23.5%
The arm represents 4.5%, the leg 18%, and the perineum 1%, totaling 23.5%.
, A patient is admitted after being burned while lighting the barbecue. The injuries appear
moist and red with some blister formation and the patient states they are very painful.
What kind of burn would the nurse document in the patient's record?
A. Superficial, first-degree burn
B. Partial-thickness, second-degree burn
C. Deep dermal partial-thickness, second-degree burn
D. Full-thickness, third-degree burn - Answer-ANS: B. Partial-thickness, second-degree
burn
A light to bright red or mottled appearance characterizes superficial second-degree
burns. These wounds may appear wet and weeping, may contain bullae, and are
extremely painful and sensitive to air currents. The micro-vessels that perfuse this area
are injured, and permeability is increased, resulting in leakage of large amounts of
plasma into the interstitium. This fluid, in turn, lifts off the thin damaged epidermis,
causing blister formation. Despite the loss of the entire basal layer of the epidermis, a
burn of this depth will heal in 7 to 21 days.
Less than 24 hours ago a patient sustained full-thickness burns, to his face, chest, back,
and bilateral upper arms, in a house fire. He also sustained an inhalation injury. The
patient was intubated and ventilated and is now showing signs of increasing agitation
and rising peak airway pressures. The nurse suspects the patient's change in condition
is due to which problem?
A. Uncontrolled pain
B. Hypovolemia
C. Worsening hypoxemia
D. Decreased pulmonary compliance - Answer-ANS: D. Decreased pulmonary
compliance
Circumferential full-thickness burns to the chest wall can lead to restriction of chest wall
expansion and decreased compliance. Decreased compliance requires higher
ventilatory pressures to provide the patient with adequate tidal volumes.
Using the Parkland formula for fluid resuscitation and your knowledge of injury
calculations using the "rule of nines," calculate the estimated fluid requirements during
the first 8 hours for a 75-kg patient with full-thickness burns to the anterior chest,
perineum, and entire right leg.
A. 2775 mL
B. 5550 mL
C. 8325 mL
D. 11,100 mL - Answer-ANS: B. 5550 ml
In a 75-kg person with a 37% burn injury (based on a rule of nines calculation: 18%—
chest, 1%—perineum, 18%—right leg = 37% total body surface area [TBSA] burn), the
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