Exam (elaborations)
BIOL 260 Exam 1 Questions And Expert Answer.
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BIOL 260 Exam 1 Detailed Questions
And Expert Answers
PART ;1 ;- ;Fill ;in ;the ;blank ;and ;short ;answer ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-
Microbial ;roles ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-1) ;Producers
2) ;1st ;order ;consumers
3) ;2nd ;order ;consumers
4) ;decomposers
Producers ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-via ;photosynthesis, ;form ;the ;basis ;of ;food ;chains ;and ;pyramids ;
(algae, ;some ;bacteria ;and ;archaea)
1st ;order ;consumers ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-(herbivores) ;that ;eat ;the ;producers
2nd ;order ;consumers ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-eat ;the ;1st ;order ;consumers
Decomposers ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-- ;include ;Archaea, ;bacteria, ;fungi ;and ;protozoa
- ;recycle ;nutrients ;via ;biogeochemical ;cycles
Nitrogen ;cycle
Carbon ;cycle
Sulfur ;cycle
Iron ;cycle
Phosphorous ;cycle
The ;significance ;of ;microbes ;for ;mankind ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;--Microbes ;produce
,-Microbes ;recycle
-Microbes ;damage
-Microbes ;help ;us ;understand ;higher ;forms ;of ;life ;(Eukarya)
Microbes ;produce ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;--O2 ;via ;photosynthesis
-soil ;via ;composting
-food ;for ;humans ;(indirectly, ;directly, ;via ;enzyme ;and ;fermentation)
-drugs ;and ;chemicals ;(antibiotics, ;steroids, ;alcohols, ;acids, ;proteins)
Microbes ;recycle ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;--
water ;by ;being ;used ;for ;water ;purification, ;sewage ;treatment ;and ;toxic ;waste ;removal
-nutrients ;via ;the ;biogeochemcial ;cycles
Microbes ;damage ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;--plants ;used ;as ;food ;crops
-animals ;raised ;for ;food
-humans ;via ;diseases
Microbes ;helps ;us ;understand ;higher ;forms ;of ;life ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;--they ;are ;easy ;to ;grow
-share ;the ;same ;metabolic ;processes ;as ;higher ;forms ;of ;life
-suitable ;for ;genetic ;engineering
Three ;Domains ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-Archaea
Eukarya
Bacteria ;
(Ar ;Eu ;Bac?)
Prokaryotic ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-Bacteria
Archaea
Eukaryotic ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-Eukarya
Prokaryotic ;Cell ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-WITHOUT ;membrane ;bound ;organelles
Eukaryotic ;Cell ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-WITH ;membrane ;bound ;organelles
, Evidence ;Archaea ;evolved ;in ;an ;extreme ;environment ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;--
Archaea ;was ;found ;in ;an ;Obsidian ;Pool
-RNA ;is ;very ;close ;to ;what ;the ;primordial ;ancestor ;of ;all ;archaea ;and ;eubacteria ;most ;likely ;had
-S ;layer
Glycocalyx ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-a ;coating ;found ;external ;to ;the ;cell ;wall
-consists ;of ;protein ;and/or ;polysaccharides
-nutrient ;source ;(stores ;organic ;material)
-sticky ;(helps ;cells ;adhere ;to ;the ;surface)
-is ;protective ;(anti-phagocytic, ;prevents ;drying, ;prevents ;contact ;with ;O2)
-a ;virulence ;factor ;(disease ;causing)
Glycocalyx ;CAPSULE ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-1) ;rigid, ;tight ;matrix ;that ;excludes ;particles
2)not ;easily ;removed
3) ;makes ;colonies ;appear ;shiny ;or ;slumy
Glycocalyx ;SLIME ;LAYER ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-1) ;loose, ;not ;bound ;to ;cell ;wall
2) ;thinner ;and ;easily ;deformed
Biofilm ;- ;correct ;Answers ;✔✔ ;-Prokaryotic
generated ;by ;cells ;in ;the ;glycocalyx
-a ;structured ;community ;of ;cells, ;slime, ;and ;DNA ;that ;forms ;on ;wet ;surfaces
1) ;single ;or ;mixed ;species ;of ;microbes
2) ;fixed ;or ;swarming ;structure
-formed ;when ;a ;threshold ;of ;number ;of ;bacteria ;is ;reached
(Quorum ;sensing ;via ;auto-inducers)
(determined ;by ;concentrations ;of ;inducer ;molecules)
-generates ;water ;canals ;to ;circulate ;nutrients ;and ;eliminate ;wastes