Portage Nutrition BIOD 121 Exam 2 Latest
Update 2024-2025 Actual Exam Questions and
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____ is the sugar found in milk - CORRECT ANSWER: lactose
____ is the sugar rarely found in food but is used in the liquor industry - CORRECT
ANSWER: maltose
____ is the sweetest tasting sugar - CORRECT ANSWER: fructose
____is the sugar found in table sugar - CORRECT ANSWER: sucrose
Chylomicron - CORRECT ANSWER: transport dietary fat from the intestine to the cells
Compare and contrast insoluble, and soluble fiber. - CORRECT ANSWER: Both fiber
forms are complex carbohydrates that are necessary for intestinal health. Insoluble fiber
does not dissolve water and is not broken down by intestinal bacteria. It functions to
increase stool mass and speed passage through the large intestine. In contrast, soluble
fiber dissolves in water, and is broken down by intestinal bacteria. It helps to slow
glucose absorption and fat (thus, lowering cholesterol) and provides satiety to a meal.
Compare and contrast type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Include cause, on-set, symptoms
and treatment in your answer. - CORRECT ANSWER: In both type 1 and 2 diabetes
blood glucose levels are high, or there is hyperglycemia, so both also have similar
symptoms (excessive thirst, urination, hunger, weight loss and ketosis).
Causes, treatment and time of onset are different between type 1 and 2 diabetes:
, -Type 1 is when the pancreas doesn't make any insulin, treatment is exogenous insulin
and generally has onset in childhood-early adulthood and is rarer than type 2.
-Type 2 is caused by insulin resistance or when the pancreas doesn't produce enough
insulin, treatment includes insulin and oral anti-diabetic drugs, it is linked to being
overweight/diet, and generally has an onset in adulthood
Describe why LDL is considered a marker of cardiovascular health. Explain where it is
made, it's main components and function in your answer. - CORRECT ANSWER: LDL is
a remnant of VLDL that forms in the blood as VLDL loses its triglyceride content, it is
mostly made of cholesterol and some triglyceride, and it's function is to transport
cholesterol to the body's cells. Since it is already full of cholesterol, high levels indicate
poor cardiovascular health as the excess cholesterol builds up in arteries.
diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER: loose watery and frequent stool
diverticulosis - CORRECT ANSWER: small pouches that push out through weak spots
in the colon that can become inflamed
Esophagus - CORRECT ANSWER: passageway for food
Gallbladder - CORRECT ANSWER: stores bile produced by the liver to be released into
the intestine to digest fats
heartburn - CORRECT ANSWER: gastric acid enters the esophagus damaging the
epithelial lining
High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL) - CORRECT ANSWER: pick up cholesterol from the
cells
Hillary is having her diet evaluated. She commonly will only eat 1 item. Like a bowl of
rice, or some green lentils. As it pertains to proteins, explain to Hillary the difference
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