Saunders Endocrine Pharmacology Exam Questions with Answers
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Saunders Endo crine Pharmacology
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Saunders Endo Crine Pharmacology
Saunders Endocrine Pharmacology Exam Questions with Answers
The homecare nurse visits a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse how to store the unopened vials of insulin. The nurse should provide which information?
1....
Saunders Endocrine Pharmacology
Exam Questions with Answers
The homecare nurse visits a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is
taking Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse how to store the unopened
vials of insulin. The nurse should provide which information?
1.Freeze the insulin.
2.Refrigerate the insulin.
3.Store the insulin in a dark, dry place.
4.Keep the insulin at room temperature. - Answer-2. Refrigerate the insulin.
Insulin in unopened vials should be stored under refrigeration until needed. Vials should
not be frozen because freezing affects the chemical composition of the insulin. When
stored unopened under refrigeration, insulin can be used up to the expiration date on
the vial. Freezing insulin, storing insulin in a dark, dry place and keeping the insulin at
room temperature are all incorrect actions.
Thyroid replacement therapy is prescribed for a client diagnosed with hypothyroidism.
The client asks the nurse when the medication will no longer be needed. Which
response by the nurse would be accurate?
1."You will need to ask your primary health care provider."
2."It depends on the results of the laboratory values."
3."The medication will need to be continued for life."
4."Most clients require medication therapy for about 1 year." - Answer-3. "The
medication will need to be continued for life."
For most hypothyroid clients, replacement therapy must be continued for life. Treatment
provides symptomatic relief but does not produce a cure. The client should be told that
although therapy will improve symptoms, these improvements do not constitute a
reason to interrupt or discontinue the medication.
Which statement indicates that a client with Addison's disease knows how to safely
manage a medication regimen that consists of daily doses of glucocorticoids?
1."The medication I am taking is very safe and does not cause side effects."
2."I should stop my medication if I begin to experience any unpleasant side effects."
3."If I'm nauseated and can't take my medicine for a few days, I can do without them."
4."I will need to call my doctor for an increase in medication dose when I'm experiencing
a lot of stress." - Answer-4. "I will need to call my doctor for an increase in medication
dose when I am experiencing a lot of stress."
,The client with Addison's disease will require lifelong replacement of adrenal hormones.
The medications must be taken daily, and an alternate route of administration must be
used if the client cannot take oral medications for any reason such as nausea and
vomiting. Additional doses of glucocorticoids will be needed during times of acute
stress. The nurse must emphasize to the client that the primary health care provider
must be called to obtain a dosage increase when experiencing stressful situations.
Abrupt withdrawal of this medication can result in Addisonian crisis. Although side
effects are not severe at lower doses, side effects may be experienced with
glucocorticoid administration. It is very unsafe to stop taking the medication without first
consulting the primary health care provider.
A client is diagnosed with hypothyroidism, and levothyroxine is prescribed. The nurse
notes that the client is presently taking warfarin sodium and anticipates that the primary
health care provider will alter which medication dosage?
1.Decrease the dosage of levothyroxine.
2.Increase the dosage of levothyroxine.
3.Increase the dosage of warfarin sodium.
4.Decrease the dosage of warfarin sodium. - Answer-4. Decrease the dosage of
warfarin sodium.
Levothyroxine accelerates the degradation of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. As a
result, effects of warfarin sodium are enhanced. If thyroid hormone replacement therapy
is instituted in a client who has been taking warfarin sodium, the dosage of warfarin
sodium should be reduced.
Lispro insulin is prescribed three times a day, with the amount based on blood glucose
levels. The nurse determines that the client understands teaching regarding lispro
insulin if which statement is made?
1."The medication should be administered 1 hour after each meal." 2."I should spread
the three daily doses evenly throughout the 24-hour day."
3."Lispro should be taken at least 1 hour before each of my three meals."
4."I will take the lispro 10 to 15 minutes before I eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner." -
Answer-4. "I will take the lispro 10 to 15 minutes before I eat breakfast, lunch, and
dinner.
Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin analog with an onset of action of 15 minutes. The client
should administer the dose 0 to 15 minutes before eating a meal. Because the insulin
peaks in ¾ to 1½ hours, it would not be beneficial to wait for 1 hour after the meal to
administer it. In addition, if the lispro is given 1 hour before the meal, the medication will
begin to peak before the client's meal is eaten, possibly resulting in hypoglycemia.
Lispro administration should not be spread out evenly throughout the 24-hour day.
, The nurse is monitoring a client receiving glipizide. Which outcome indicates an
ineffective response from the medication?
1.A decrease in polyuria
2.A decrease in polyphagia
3.A glycosylated hemoglobin level of 12%
4.A fasting plasma glucose of 100 mg/dL (5.7 mmol/L) - Answer-3.A glycosylated
hemoglobin level of 12%
Glipizide is an oral hypoglycemic agent administered to decrease the serum glucose
level and the signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia. Therefore, a decrease in both
polyuria and polyphagia would indicate a therapeutic response. Laboratory values are
also used to monitor a client's response to treatment. A fasting blood glucose level of
100 mg/dL (5.7 mmol/L) is within normal limits. However, glycosylated hemoglobin of
12% indicates poor glycemic control.
A client received a dose of regular insulin this morning at 7:00 am. At which time should
the nurse likely anticipate the potential for a hypoglycemic reaction to occur?
1.8:00 am
2.10:00 am
3.12:00 noon
4.2:00 pm - Answer-2. 10:00 am
The nurse preparing a client for surgery reviews the client's medication record. The
client is to receive nothing by mouth (NPO) after midnight. Which medication noted on
the client's record should the nurse question?
1.Allopurinol
2.Prednisone
3.Alendronate
4.Cyclobenzaprine - Answer-2. Prednisone
Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can cause adrenal atrophy, which reduces the body's
ability to withstand stress. Before and during surgery, dosages may be temporarily
increased. Cyclobenzaprine is a skeletal muscle relaxant. Alendronate is a bone-
resorption inhibitor. Allopurinol is an antigout medication.
The nurse is asked to prefill syringes containing NPH and regular insulin for a diabetic
client who lives at home alone and has difficulty with seeing and accurately preparing
dosages. Considering the stability of insulin, which number of prefilled syringes should
the nurse prepare for the client?
1.A 3-day supply
2.A 5-day supply
3.A 7-day supply
4.A 1-month supply - Answer-3. A 7-day supply
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