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CDCES Practice Exam Two Questions and Answers with Solutions 2024/2025
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CDCES Practice Exam Two Questions and Answers with Solutions 2024/2025
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CDCES Practice Exam Two1.The single most important factor in predicting A1C lowering with the use of continuous
glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown to be which of the following?
A.Frequency of device calibration
B.Use of a higher low-glucose alarm setting
C.Frequency of sensor use
D.Age of the person using the device - ANSC. Frequency of sensor use
2.Which of the following islet cell antibodies is the best immunologic predictor of type 1
diabetes?
A.Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
B.Heat shock protein 65
C.Peripherin
D.Endocrine cell antigens - ANSA. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
3.A thin 38-year-old white female presents to the clinic for evaluation of her glycemic
management. She was diagnosed with diabetes 9 months ago with an A1C of 13% and started
on metformin and glipizide. Three months later her glycemic management was much improved
(A1C of 7.4%), but today she reports increased thirst and urination. Her A1C today is 11.2%
despite confirmed adherence with her medications and a negative pregnancy test. Which of the
following is the MOST likely diagnosis?
A.Type 1 diabetes (T1DM)
B.Type 2 diabetes (T2DM)
C.Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA)
D.Gestational diabetes (GDM) - ANSC. Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA)
4.The development of type 1 diabetes includes all but which of the following?
A.Environmental trigger
B.Genetic predisposition
C.Autoimmune attack on beta cells
D.Peripheral insulin resistance - ANSD. Peripheral insulin resistance
5.JT, a 34-year-old male with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and hypertension, states that he
has an occasional alcoholic drink and wants to know if alcohol is allowed. Which of the following
is the MOST appropriate response?
A.Yes, but always consume alcohol with food to minimize the risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia.
,B.It is recommended to drink 2 glasses of red wine every day to reduce the risk of
cardiovascular disease.
C.Yes, but substitute an alcoholic drink for 1 carb serving.
D.No, alcoholic beverages should be avoided in persons with hypertension due to the impact on
blood pressure. - ANSA. Yes, but always consume alcohol with food to minimize the risk of
nocturnal hypoglycemia
6.A 45-year-old man presents for a 1-month follow-up after starting immediate release
metformin 500 mg twice daily. Today he brought in his blood glucose meter and bottle of
metformin, which is nearly full. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate next step to
evaluate his management to the regimen?
A.Confront the man about his poor medication management.
B.Telephone the pharmacy to verify the last refill date.
C.Change to the extended release formulation of metformin.
D.Review self-monitored blood glucose log. - ANSB. Telephone the pharmacy to verify the last
refill date.
7.You receive an inquiry from a fellow healthcare professional in your facility who would like to
use an app on her smartphone to track calories, carbohydrate, and fat consumed. She asks you
how much carbohydrate and fat a person with type 2 diabetes should consume in her diet.
Based on current recommendations from the American Diabetes Association (ADA), which of
the following is the best advice?
A.Persons with diabetes should get about 50% of their calories from carbohydrate and no more
than 30% of calories from fat.
B.The ideal percentage of carbohydrate, protein, and fat has not been determined and is based
on several factors.
C.Persons with diabetes should get about 45% of calories from carbohydrate and 25% to 30%
of calories from fat.
D.A monounsaturated fat-rich eating plan with less than 25% of calories from fat and 50% to
60% of calories from carbohydrate is recommended for persons with diabetes. - ANSB. The
ideal percentage of carbohydrate, protein, and fat has not been determined and is based on
several factors.
8.A 48-year-old African American woman with type 2 diabetes and hypertension presents to the
clinic accompanied by her mother, who stays in the waiting room during the visit. The woman
with diabetes lives at home and does not work. She reports attending community college for 2
years but has never held a full-time job. Answers to questions during the interview are
disorganized and rambling with frequent flights of thought. Which of the following is the MOST
appropriate action to evaluate this woman?
A.Interview the woman alone and make changes based on objective data.
B.Engage the woman in role-playing to evaluate problem-solving skills.
,C.Ask permission from the woman to include her mother in the visit.
D.Contact the mother after the visit to express mental health concerns. - ANSC. Ask permission
from the woman to include her mother in the visit.
9.According to the American Diabetes Association's (ADA's) current Guidelines, with what
minimum frequency should A1C testing be performed by individuals who are meeting treatment
goals and who have stable blood glucose levels?
A.Once/year
B.Twice/year
C.Every 3 months
D.Every 4 months - ANSB. Twice/year
13.According to the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), which of the following was MOST
effective for preventing diabetes?
A.Intensive lifestyle modifications
B.Metformin
C.Acarbose
D.Rosiglitazone - ANSA. Intensive lifestyle modifications
14.A homeless man presents to the clinic for evaluation of his insulin regimen. He reports riding
his bicycle to the clinic, which is located 3 blocks from the discount pharmacy. He generally only
eats 1 meal a day in the evening at the shelter. This afternoon his point-of-care blood glucose is
286 mg/dL, which is higher than his A1C level of 7.6% would suggest. Which of the following is
the MOST likely cause of his elevated blood glucose?
A.Lack of transportation to the pharmacy
B.Inability to pay for insulin
C.Irregular meal schedule
D.Multiple use of the same syringe - ANSB. Inability to pay for insulin
15.Which of the following most appropriately describes the mechanisms of action for liraglutide?
A.Increases glucagon release from alpha cells.
B.Decreases centrally mediated satiety.
C.Increases insulin secretion from beta cells.
D.Decreases absorption of complex carbohydrates. - ANSC. Increases insulin secretion from
beta cells.
16.Which of the following is NOT an evidence-based recommendation for individuals managing
hypertension?
A.Weight loss for overweight or obese persons
, B.Sodium reduction
C.Resistance training
D.DASH eating plan - ANSC. Resistance training
17.Which of the following lifestyle strategies is LEAST effective in reducing LDL cholesterol?
A.Weight loss
B.Substitution of mono- and polyunsaturated fats for saturated fats
C.Omega-3 fatty acids
D.Consumption of red wine - ANSD. Consumption of red wine
18.A man with diabetes had routine laboratory levels drawn 1 month after changing therapy. His
serum creatinine rose from 0.9 mg/dL at baseline to 1.5 mg/dL today. Which of the following
drugs MOST likely explains this rise in serum creatinine?
A.Metoprolol
B.Atorvastatin
C.Metformin
D.Irbesartan - ANSD. Irbesartan
*Kidney Pressure
19.A local church leader wants to offer a program to prevent diabetes. The members of the
church are predominantly African American with an average age of 54. Which of the following
recommendations is MOST appropriate for the members?
A.Fast 3 days per week.
B.Walk 150 minutes per week.
C.Eat 7 servings of fatty fish per week.
D.Advise the leader that his population is low risk. - ANSB. Walk 150 minutes per week.
20.The American Diabetes Association uses a classification system to grade the quality of
scientific evidence to support its recommendations in all new and revised position statements.
The highest level of evidence is rated as which of the following?
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.E - ANSA. A
21.An obese 32-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes expresses interest in losing weight. She
returns 1 month after starting her new diet and is disappointed that she gained 5 lbs. She
reports eliminating all fried and fast foods. She eats 2 bananas every day and drinks 12 oz of
fruit juice with each meal. Which of the following is the best advice for her?
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