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Toxi Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers.
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Toxi Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers.
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Toxi Exam 2 Questions with Correct AnswersSome of the earliest accounts of "Toxicology" are... Correct Answer-
toxic substances produced by plants
- used in various settings including medicinal uses, intentional
poisonings (assassinations) and in warfare
first list of poisons and antidotes appears in Correct Answer-Egyptian
writings
King Menes Correct Answer-reported to have cultivated and studied the
effects of poisonous and medicinal plants between 3500-3000 B.C.
Mithridates Eupator, King of Pontus Correct Answer-treated himself
with small quantities of known poisons
Wisteria floribunda Correct Answer--common ornamental climbing vine
or small tree with lilac-colored flowers
-seeds cause severe gastroenteritis when ingested
-A few seeds can result in headache, nausea and diarrhea within hours
-This is followed by dizziness, confusion and hematemesis
Ricinus communis Correct Answer--commonly known as the castor
bean
-ornamental plant introduced here from India
-seeds are large and attractively mottled
,-when ingested, there are no marked symptoms of poisoning for several
days
- At this time there is a loss of appetite with nausea, vomiting and
diarrhea gradually developing
-After several days, much more severe and persistent symptoms develop
Jaundice Correct Answer--syndrome characterized by
hyperbillirubinemia and deposition of bile pigment in the skin and
mucous membranes with resulting yellow appearance of the patient
-All that means that the liver is not functioning properly and bilirubin (a
breakdown product of blood hemoglobin) is not properly metabolized in
the liver. It gets deposited in the skin and the patient turns a yellowish
orange. In severe cases, even the whites of the eyes turn yellow
Ricinus communis (castor bean) Correct Answer-Symptoms:
~Persistent vomiting
~Bloody diarrhea
~Dehydration
~Icterus (Jaundice) in fatal cases
Death occurs in 6-8 days. The fatal dose is:
~5-6 beans for children
~About 20 beans for an adult
, Death from castor bean ingestion Correct Answer-due to necrosis in the
liver, spleen, lymph nodes, intestine and stomach
The toxicity is caused by 2 lectins in the beans:
~Ricin I
~Ricin II (more toxic of the two)
~Both block protein synthesis
Euphorbia Correct Answer--contains hundreds of species
-Most of them exude milky latex from their stems and leaves when
damaged
-The latex contains diterpene esters which cause varying degrees of skin
irritation
-latex from this plant has also been shown to be mutagenic to human
lymphocytes
Euphorbia marginata Correct Answer--known as snow- on-the-
mountain, is widely distributed in the US
-cultivated for its attractive foliage
E. tirucalli Correct Answer--grows in Africa where Burkitt's lymphoma
is common
-diterpene ester may activate the Epstein-Barr virus that causes the
tumor
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