These are highly detailed that I complied over two years of studying this subject. Since I took notes like crazy, no area is left untouched so everything is there if you are struggling to understand a concept or equation. They are colourful, organised and neat, so perfect for the eye to understand.
, Internal
4th Decembe 2023 Energy
Internal how
Energy measure
of much
object
·
has
energy
an
-
Its
of the of kinetic associated
>
the random distribution with the
enogies
-
sum
molecules
of a
system
. adding the kineric
eg energy of poside
up each .
the temprance
of proportional
of
>
is to the hineric
average
substance
-
a
energy
its particles
.
Potential
Energys
Relates to
energy of chemical bonds inte-molecular bonds and electrostatic potential
·
,
energy of the mouces
.
- The further the molecules are
from eachother and the more
free they
the
highe potemial
the
energy
to
.
are more ,
[ Gas >
Liquid >
soud]
Comparing Internal
Energies for Solidy , Liquide r Gases
Solide &
· Least internal
energy
>
molecules bonded
together and less
free to move
(only
vibrate),
-
potential is low
energy .
Er is 100 as temperature is low
.
Liquid ?
Higher internal
highe temperature higher Ein.
>
energy
·
Remain close
together
Potential is broken
energy hight ,
bonds have been .
· Work has been done to break the bonds
.
Gas :
internal In is tempecene
Highest highest is
highest
>
energy
· as .
Potential
energy
is
very large , molecules
free from eachother 2
for apart
① solid D is than B :
longer
·
Omelting energy required
- more a
ol
melt it
·
a substance than
> E
Boiling Gas ·
Example :
Water ,
this is Xb 7.
greate
I
Recion &
C
·
Boiling increasing separation of
B porrides a lot more than
A
merling
.
does
I love
gradient A
than
·
because water
has a
highe specific heat
.
capacity Gradient is
investy proportional to .
succ
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