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Final Exam Edf6222 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions 2024.
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Final Exam Edf6222 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions 2024.
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Final Exam Edf6222mental illness - ANS Moore reviewed how some of the very first human applications of operant
conditioning actually derived from those diagnosed with a
mentalistic, unobservable - ANS Tradition viewpoints to serving the mentally ill often involve
__________ explanations of ______________ causes(such as malfunctions of the body) that
are only inferred by observable behavior. In other words, mental illnesses are caused by
something inside the person - an underlying pathology much like we consider with other medical
conditions caused by bacteria or virus. From the viewpoint of behavior analysis, of course, the
root cause is the interaction with the environment.
positive - ANS The best explanation to why therapy works sometimes is we all want
___________reinforcement
staff, coercive - ANS A lot of clinical work related to behavior problems that take place in
institutional settings are facilitated mostly for the benefit of ___________ and are unaware of
the overuse of ____________ measures.
administrative procedures, time-out, pain, outcome - ANS Reform in institutions tends to fail
because interventions typically rely on physical facilities and administrative procedures. Misuse
of reinforcement tends to utilize socially contrived _______________. This intervention is
essentially a _______________procedure and has been a widely accepted form of attempted
punishment because it instills no_________; however, as Sidman eloquently stated, "The
cruelty lies less in the method than in ______________", (p. 259.)
natural - ANS Contrived deprivation should not be confused with______________ states of
deprivation. For example, when working with a person on skill acquisition in which food is a
strong reinforcer, we would be careful to schedule training times long after a meal or shortly
before a scheduled meal. In this example, we are not contriving hunger - it is a natural
occurrence.
appropriate, coercive - ANS Once arrested and put in jail, the chances for repeat offense is
great because, as discussed, our "rehabilitative" institutions do not rehabilitate. In other words,
_______________behaviors are not shaped, as_______________measures do not provide
reinforcement of adaptable skills. Attempts have failed at rehabilitation due to this
misunderstanding of how appropriate repertoires are shaped.
stimulus, coercive - ANS Smith, Visher, and Davidson (1984) asserted that policing requires
discretionary implementation of the law. The authors continued that execution has been a
provocative topic since its inception (far older than the concept of race). The stature of power
that one in uniform exerts over a citizen is a ____________that confounds the relationship
, between citizen and officer. As Zimbardo (2007) elaborated (regarding his famous Stanford
prison experiments in 1971), "good" people can become agents of evil and innocent bystanders
can succumb to a victim status rather quickly. Examples such as the Stanford prison
experiments support the _____________nature that exists when one group of people exert
power over others.
pairing - ANS A common theme among community policing is that they are not relying on
coercive control - they are using tactics that shape appropriate behaviors and build "trust"
by___________ pleasant actions with police officers. In short, this is the philosophy of
behaviorism. Community demographics do not need to determine the level of crime. For
example, in Camden, NJ, 40% of residents live below the poverty line and unemployment is
double the National average (Zernike, 2014, August 31).
practice, community-demographics - ANS Plant and Peruche expanded on simulated research
in which participants were given an image of a non-descript object and had to identify whether
to shoot or not to shoot. Images included both black and white suspects. While black suspects
were accidentally shot on more occasions, the more ______________the participants had, the
less likely they were to consider race as a variable (Plant and Peruche, 2005). As Schneider
pointed out in her final chapter, prejudice and stereotypes are nothing more than
________________________-discrimination training could provide promising hope for reducing
the number of minority deaths at the hands of police officers.
Mental health treatment groups - ANS Where did human application for operant condition derive
from?
Social reinforcement - ANS Why does therapy work?
Coercion. criminals are not fixed in their behavior. - ANS What did Murray Sidman do?
learning, motivation, circumstances - ANS According to Moore, for behavior analysts, education
involves arranging contingencies that facilitate ________________. Behavior analysts also
avoid making internal attributions about supposed underlying ______________ of students,
which means behavior analysts do not see themselves as gatekeepers in the educational
process; rather, the look at the _____________ of the learning situation to understand why
learning has or has not taken place.
environment, teacher, superstitious - ANS There is a popular movement in education suggesting
that children are "natural learners" and that curriculums should allow students to explore what
interests them by setting the ________________ as the "teacher", with minimal interference
from adults. However, Skinner (1978) reminded us why this is ineffective (not to mention the
empirical evidence suggesting it is not effective): "The real world is not an effective
______________ . Children do not learn much from the natural environment. The feral child, the
child said to have been raised by wolves, or one said to have matured alone in a benevolent
environment is about all we have to show for unaided natural curiosity or a love of learning. A
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