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PEDS HESI Final Exam:- Questions & Accurate Solutions
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PEDS HESI Final Exam:- Questions & Accurate Solutions
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PEDS HESI Final Exam:- Questions & Accurate SolutionsAn infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip is placed in a Pavlik
harness. Which instructions should the nurse include in a teaching plan for the
parents?
a-Apply lotion or powder to minimize skin irritation.
b-Put clothing over the harness for maximum effectiveness.
c-Check for red areas under the straps two to three times a day.
d-Use a thin absorbent disposable diaper over the harness. Right Ans - c.
The Pavlik harness, which maintains the hips in abduction, is the most widely
used device for developmental dysplasia of the hip. An infant who
continuously wears a Pavlik harness is at risk for skin breakdown, so parents
should be instructed to check two to three times a day for red areas under
clothing and harness straps. To avoid direct contact with the skin, clothing
and diapers should be placed under the straps.
The nurse calculates a 4 mL dose of prescribed digoxin to a 9-month-old
infant. Which action should the nurse implement?
a Mix the dose with juice to disguise its taste.
b Suspect a dosage error and do not give the dose.
c Check the infant's heart rate and administer the dose by placing it to the
back and side of the mouth.
d Check the infant's heart rate and administer the dose by letting the infant
suck it through a nipple. Right Ans - b, Digoxin's narrow margin of safety
for an infant should not exceed 1 mL (50 mcg) in one dose. The nurse's
calculation indicates a dosage error and should not be given. Digoxin is given
without mixing with any other fluids or foods because the infant may refuse to
consume the total amount, which results in an inaccurate drug dose.
Generally, pediatric digoxin elixir is available as 0.05 mg/mL. Great care must
be taken in dosage calculation and should be double-checked with another
nurse prior to administration.
,***A 12yo m tells the nurse that he is happy to be taking GH cuz now he can
grow to be as tall, best for the nurse to provide?
a "You must remember that this treatment regimen is not always effective."
b "Although being tall is important to you, remember there are far more
important characteristics than height."
c You will grow with this medicine, and are likely to be taller than anyone in
your family."
d "Being taller is important to you and taking your injections will help achieve
that goal." Right Ans - d, It is important to validate his feelings and
reinforce the fact that injections are the only way he can get the medication
and achieve growth in height. He will have to take injections three times a
week for years.
1****4 yo after corrective surgery for scoliosis. In the immediate
postoperative period, the nurse should include which action in this client's
plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
a Record intake and output every 8 hours.
b Elevate the head of the bed 30 degrees.
c Assess bowel sounds every 4 hours.
d Initiate a logrolling schedule every 2 hours.
e Ambulate for 5 minutes, 12 hours postoperative.
f Give morphine sulfate, 2 mg IV every 4 hours PRN. Right Ans - a,d,f,
Recording intake and output and assessing bowel sounds are critical when
determining if the body systems are recovering from the effects of anesthesia.
Using a logrolling technique to turn the client maintains spinal alignment
postoperatively and prevents complications of immobility. Since this is a
painful surgery, the nurse should maintain pain control as prescribed. The
pain associated is not just due to the incisions of surgery, but also to the
manipulation and placement of the spinal hardware and muscular pain as the
involved muscles adjust to the corrective realignment of the spine. Following
corrective surgery for scoliosis, a client should be immobilized without spinal
flexion for 24 to 48 hours, and then ambulated by the physical therapist.
****The parents of an adolescent male with Ewing sarcoma ask the nurse
what is the most significant factor contributing to their son's prognosis. Which
factor should the nurse include when answering the parent's concern?
a Age of onset.
b Gender of child.
, c Appearance on x-ray.
d Degree of metastasis. Right Ans - d Ewing sarcoma is the second most
common malignant bone tumor of children. Prognosis is most significantly
related to the degree of metastasis during the early course of the disease.
***A 6-year-old child is brought to the emergency department with a systolic
blood pressure of 58 mmHg. What action should the nurse take first?
a Comfort the child.
b Assess responsiveness.
c Alert the healthcare provider.
d Initiate IV fluid replacement. Right Ans - c the lower limit for systolic
blood pressure for a child older than 1 year of age is 70 mmHg plus 2 times
the child's age in years. The healthcare provider should be notified
immediately of the child's hypotension and anticipate a prescription for IV
fluids.
****The parents of a toddler brought well-child visit tell the nurse that the
child becomes upset if even the smallest things change in the environment.
What info should the nurse provide ?
a A child is insecure because trust is not fostered and developed during
infancy.
b A toddler should be exposed to different routines to promote adapting to
new experiences.
c Children of this age are comfortable with ritualism and display global
thinking.
d Objects should be frequently moved in the env to teach Right Ans - c A 2-
year-old is ritualistic and wants consistency and routine. Changes in the
toddler's environment or schedule is upsetting. Another mark of the toddlers'
sensitivity to change is global thinking. When there is a change in one small
part of the environment, such as a minor shift in room arrangement, or
changes in the whole environment, the 2-year-old's composure disintegrates.
A child with a penetrating eye injury comes to the school clinic. Which action
should the nurse implement?
a Remove the object impaled in the eye and then apply a regular eye patch.
b Place an ice bag over the eye until the healthcare provider is seen.
c Irrigate the affected eye copiously with a cool sterile saline solution.
d Apply a Fox shield to the affected eye and any type of patch to the other eye.
Right Ans - d The treatment for a penetrating eye injury is not to remove or
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