Disease correct answers a pathological condition of the body in response to an alteration in the normal body harmony due to direct/indirect disturbances
Illness correct answers describes the subjective condition of a person who is experiencing a disease
Predisposing Factor correct answers a c...
HPEX 353 Exam 1 || with 100% Error-free Answers.
Disease correct answers a pathological condition of the body in response to an alteration in the
normal body harmony due to direct/indirect disturbances
Illness correct answers describes the subjective condition of a person who is experiencing a
disease
Predisposing Factor correct answers a condition or situation that may make a person more at risk
or susceptible to disease
Idiopathic correct answers diseases that have no known cause, thus treatment only target
symptoms
Iatrogenic correct answers Disease caused by medical treatments
Nosocomial correct answers Disease acquired in a hospital setting/health care facility
Sequela correct answers pathological conditions that results from prior disease/injury
Age (Predisposing Factor) correct answers problems that arise with physiological changes that
occur in the body system during the aging process; ex. Temperature, immunity, physical activity
tolerance
Gender (Predisposing Factor) correct answers important in physiological origin disease, such as
sexual organ disorders
Lifestyle (Predisposing Factor) correct answers consistent, integrated way of life of individual
that are influenced by family environment, education/knowledge, personal attitudes, personal
responsibility, and opportunities
External Environment correct answers air, noise, pollutants, occupational health, etc.
Heredity correct answers predisposing factor inherited from a parent that is not easily controlled,
changes, or altered; environment may influence disease and do not always appear at birth; types:
monogenic, chromosome, or multifactorial
Autosomal Dominant Disorder correct answers only one abnormal gene from a parent; 50%
change the offspring will inherit the defect
Autosomal Recessive Disorder correct answers two copies from both parents who do not have
the disease
Sex-Linked correct answers single abnormal gene on the X chromosome; two types are dominant
and recessive
,Dominant Sex-Linked Disorder correct answers single adnormal gene on the X chromosome
caused by one copy
Recessive Sex-Linked Disorder correct answers single abnormal gene on the X chromosome
caused by both genes in a pair being abnormal
Multifactorial Disorders correct answers result from many hereditary and environmental factors
Neoplasia correct answers new formation of growth
Neoplasm/Tumor correct answers abnormal mass of tissue that results when cells divide more
than they should or do not die when they should; occurrence caused by genetic modifications
Benign Tumor correct answers defined and non harmful tumor
Malignant Tumor correct answers spreads to other tissues or locations through blood and
lymphatic system
Infection correct answers the invasion and multiplication of pathogenic or disease-producing
microorganisms in the body
Homeostasis correct answers state of stability that the body tries to maintain even though it is
exposed to continually changing outside forces; often require microorganism within the body to
maintain
Transmission correct answers direct contact with contaminated area, respiratory, oral, etc.
Bacteria correct answers single cell and most are nonpathogenic; types: bacilli, cocci,
spirilla/vibrios/spirochaetes
Virus correct answers independent of host cells; some dormant for long periods
Fungi correct answers yeasts and molds; rarely fatal but slowly and resistant to treatment; caused
mycoses
Protozoa correct answers single cell organisms
Parasites correct answers organisms that require a host; may be external or internal
Trauma correct answers injury or wound caused by an external force; leading cause of death in
the US for 35 y.o. Or younger
Head Trauma correct answers concussions, traumatic brain injury, skull, nose fractures, jaw
fractures, and cerebral contusions
, Inflammation correct answers the body's immunological response to tissue damage, caused by
the invasion of foreign bodies, microorganisms, or chemicals
Steps of Inflammation correct answers 1. Chemical signals released by activated macrophages
and mast cells at the injury site cause nearby capillaries to widen and become more permeable
2. Fluid, antimicrobial proteins and clotting elements move from blood to the site to cause
clotting
3. Chemokines released by various kinds of cells attract more phagocytic cells from the blood to
the injury site
4. Neutrophils and macrophages phagocytose pathogens and cell debris at the site and the tissue
heals
Acute Inflammation correct answers eventually resolved
Chronic Inflammation correct answers sustained pro-inflammatory phase without adaption or
resolution
Immunity correct answers the ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by
the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells; types: innate and adaptive
Acquired Immunity correct answers created immunological memory applied to specific
pathogens that is slower to act than innate
Allergy correct answers inappropriate response in the immune system; action of the immune
system to defend the body against substances that typically don't pose a threat; family history,
stress, and physical condition may be predisposing factors
Autoimmunity correct answers misdirected response in the immune system; self-antigens or
abnormal immune cells develop and incite the immune response into abnormal and excessive
response that attack their own tissue and organs caused by inherited predispositions
Immunodeficiency correct answers deficient response in the immune system; prevents your body
from fighting infections and diseases due to B-cell and/or T-cell deficiency
Malnourishment correct answers improper intake of quality/quantity of food; may be comorbid
with malabsorption, GI problems, CNS problems, tolerance to food, or metabolism problems
Pain correct answers unpleasant sensation from actual or potential tissue damage that can range
from mild discomfort to agony; mediated by specific nerve fibers that carry impulses to the brain
where their conscious appreciation may be modified by many factors
Acute Pain correct answers response to tissue injury that serves as a warning against further
injury and activates the SNS; resolves when the tissue injury healsh
Chronic Pain correct answers difficult and recurring pain that is exhausting of an individual's
physical and emotional resources; aggravating factor for comorbid conditions
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