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NURS 4020 Complete Final Exam (618 questions and answers)
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NURS 4020 Complete Final Exam (618 questions and answers)
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NURS 4020Complete Final
Exam (618
questions and
answers)
Hypocalcemia - answer less than 8.5
causes: hypoparathyroidism, malabsorption, renal
failure, pancreatitis
s/sx: tachy, hypotension, bone pain cramps,
parasthesias, tetany, chvostek, diarrhea, trousseau
tx: ca supplements, increased ca intake
Hypercalcemia - answer greater than 10.5
,causes: hyperparathyroidism, excessive ca
supplementation, thiazide diuretic
s/sx: HTN, lethargy, polyuria, polydipsia, decreased
DTR, constipation, confusion, muscle weakness
Tx: dialysis, limit Ca intake, increase fiber
Hypomagnesemia - answer less than 1.5
causes: prolonged gastric suctioning, uncontrolled
DM
S/Sx: weakness, dysrhythmias, HTN, increased
DTR, respiratory depression, tetany, trousseaus,
chvostek, parasthesias
Tx: oral Mg, increase oral intake
hypermanesemia - answer more than 2.5
causes: renal insufficiency, excess consumption or
IV intake
,s/sx: hypotension, bradycardia, CNS depression,
coma, respiratory distress, flushing, decreased
DTR
Tx: dialysis, restrict Mg in diet, loop diuretics
Hypophosphatemia - answer less than 2.5
reverse symptoms of calcium
s/sx: confusion, weakness, decreased DTRs
Hyperphosphatemia - answer greater than 4.5
s/sx: tetany, chvostek, trousseau
Hypokalemia - answer less that 3.5
causes: potassium wasting diuretics, vomiting and
diarrhea, strenous activity
s/sx: confusion, hypoactive bowel, lethargy,
weakness, limp, polyuria, constipation, cramps,
bradycardia, hypotension, PVCs, dysrhythmias
, tx: increase in diet, oral potassium, parenteral
NEVER IV BOLUS POTASSIUM
Hyperkalemia - answer greater than 5
causes: excessive intake, potassium-sparing
diuretics, kidney failure
s/sx: muscle twitching, bradycardia, hypotension,
PVCs, dysrhythmias, irritability, paresthesias,
oliguria, diarrhea, fatigue, cramping,
tx: IV dextrose with regular insuling, lasix, calcium
gluconate kayexalate
hypervolemia - answer HTN
bounding pulse
JVD
oliguria
confusion
fatigue
dyspnea
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