GMS 6551- Fundamentals Of Pharmacology: Discovery And Nomenclature Exam |
Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
what do you do first when finding/developing a drug? - choose a disease:
-pharma made of companies
-tend to target diseases that have a large market
-government incentives to target orphan diseases (affects fewer than 200,000 people nationwide)
drug target - molecule the drug will interact with such as an enzyme, receptor, other protein, DNA, RNA,
etc.
selectivity - -target determines side effects
-easier to target non-human protein
-target mutated cancer protein
assay development - -in vitro
-in vivo
-ex vivo
examples of in vitro - test tube and cell culture
examples of in vivo - living animals
examples of ex vivo - tissue
what are some advantages of in vitro? - -fast - hundreds/thousands per day
-in expensive
-less red tape
-clean systems
, what are some disadvantages of in vitro? - a test tube or cell is NOT an animal
what are advantages to in vivo? - results more likely to translate to humans
what are disadvantages to in vivo? - -more expensive
-may cause suffering to animals
-regulations
-complex systems
lead compound - -first compound found that has the activity we want
how can we find a lead compound? - -natural products such as plants, algae, bacteria, fungi
-chemical banks - thousands or millions
-rational drug design- utilize side effect and alter natural ligand
computer-aided drug design/molecular docking - -crystal structures of many proteins known
-program calculates chemical attraction
what are some advantages to computer-aided drug design/molecular docking? - fast and cheap/free
what are some disadvantages to computer-aided drug design/molecular docking? - skips a lot of details
such as conformations and cell membrane
T/F: the larger release of gibbs free energy is going to predict stronger binding - True
structure activity relationships (SAR) - -optimize lead compound and functionalize
-test new compounds
-choose best compound
-functionalize new compound
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