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NCE AND CPCE STUDY GUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
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NCE AND CPCE STUDY GUIDE EXAM QUESTIONSWITH ANSWERS
What exactly does CACREP stand for? - Respond to the Council for Accreditation
of Counseling-Related Educational Programs.
What does "CCE" stand for? ANSWER Center for Credentialing and Education,
Inc.
What does REBT stand for, and who is the key thinker behind it? - ANSWER
Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy; Ellis.
Identify Freud's psychosexual stages of development. - ANSWER: Oral, Anal,
Phallic, Latent, and Genital. (Mnemonic device: Oh, Anthony, Please Let Us Go!)
Describe Erik Erikson's phases. - ANSWER Erik Erikson is an ego psychologist
and Freud's follower. His eight stages are referred to be psychosocial since they are
concerned with social relationships. Each stage contains a crisis that must be
addressed before moving on to the next stage. His stages are Trust v. Mistrust,
Autonomy v. Shame/doubt, Industry v. Inferiority, Initiative vs. Guilt, Identity v.
Role confusion, Intimacy v. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, and Integrity vs.
Despair. (Mnemonic device: Iceland's air is icy, but Greenland's is not.)
Define psychometric. - ANSWER for mental testing and measurement
Define psychodiagnostic: the study of personality through the interpretation of
behavior and nonverbal signs; or classifying a client in a diagnostic category.
Define psychopharmacology as the study of how medications affect psychological
functions.
,What is the ID? It answers the fundamental impulse principle in Freudian thought.
It is the source of aggressiveness and sexual desire. It lacks logic and time
orientation. It's frantic and bodily concentrated.
What is ego? - ANSWER: This is the reality principle in Freudian thought. It
implies thinking power and behavioural control. It helps keep the id's impulses
under control.
What is the superego? - ANSWER: The superego is the moralistic and idealistic
element in Freudian psychology.
Which theorists argue that "if you can't measure it, it doesn't exist"? ANSWER:
Behaviorists. They emphasize O.O.B., or observable, objective behaviours. (My
AP psychology teacher in high school referred to it as the O.O.B. tampon, which
was horrible but helped me remember it!)
Who is the only psychoanalyst whose developmental theory encompasses the full
lifespan? - ANSWER: Erik Erikson's Psychosocial phases spanned the full lifespan.
Each stage has a crisis or turning moment.
What theory is A? Who is A. Brill linked with? ANSWER Career Theory
Milton H. Erickson is affiliated with... - ANSWER: Brief psychotherapy and
hypnosis.
Jean Piaget is affiliated with what field? - ANSWER: Cognitive Child
Development
Who is Jay Haley, and how does he contribute to counselling? - ANSWER Haley is
best known for his work in strategic and problem-solving therapy, particularly his
use of the paradox technique. He also studied with Milton Erickson.
,ANSWER: Arnold Lazarus is a well-known behavioral therapist who specializes in
desensitization and phobia treatment. He is most commonly connected with
multimodal therapy.
William Perry - ANSWER He specializes in adult cognitive development,
particularly with college students. He worked extensively with the concept of
"dualistic thinking" among college students, in which everything is either black or
white. (Remember Katy Perry's song Hot and Cold to relate her with dualism.)
ANSWER: Ed Neukrug is a cognitive developmentalist. His work is very similar to
Perry's. He observed that college students initially believe that their professor has
all of the solutions (dualistic), but eventually shift to a more relativistic mindset and
see that answers exist that are relevant to a certain context. (Memory technique:
"What do you think about Ed nuking the rug??" Think= cognitive development, Ed
Neukrug.)
Robert Kegan - ANSWER: Another adult cognitive developmentalist. Particularly
concerned in interpersonal development. His idea was known as the Constructive
Model of Development, and it proposed that humans construct reality throughout
their lives.
What are Piaget's stages of cognitive development in order? - ANSWER:
Sensorimotor; preoperational; concrete; formal. These stages must occur in order,
but they might be experienced at different ages.
What is the main criticism leveled regarding Jean Piaget's research? - ANSWER
He spent too much time monitoring his own children, resulting in conclusions
based on a tiny, specialized group.
Who developed the very first cognitive test? ANSWER: Alfred Binet. In France.
Oh, la la!
, What is the t-test? - ANSWER Also known as the Student's t, it is a statistical test
used in formal studies to evaluate whether there is a statistical difference between
the means of two normally distributed groups.
Define conservation. - ANSWER A substance's mass, weight, and volume stay
constant even when it changes shape. It most likely refers to volume and mass,
however. A child who has not understood this notion will lack flexibility in
thinking. (Mastered at Piaget's Concrete Operational stage, 7-11 years)
Symbolic Schema - ANSWER A schema is a system in which a youngster
experiments with physical objects. A symbolic schema is when a youngster utilizes
a pie plate as a steering wheel (since it fits within the schema they have developed
for "Steering Wheel"). This occurs during the Preoperational Stage.
David Elkind's research supports which Piagetian concept? - ANSWER Elkind's
statistical research confirms Piaget's principle of conservation, with mass being the
first and easiest notion for toddlers to grasp, followed by weight and volume.
Lawrence Kohlberg elaborated on Piaget's view of what type of development? -
ANSWER Moral growth.
Define Epigenetic: ANSWER Epigenetic is a biological word derived from
embryology. Each stage builds on the previous one. It is structured and adheres to a
specified order.
Who is the father of American behaviorism? ANSWER: John B. Watson. In 1912,
he invented the word "behaviorism".
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