Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 02 Values, Beliefs, and Caring
- Course
- Fundamentals of Nursing
- Institution
- Oxford College Of Emory University
Chapter 02 Values, Beliefs, and Caring
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DAWITChapter 02: Values, Beliefs, and Caring
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative
Practice, 3RD Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse identifies the concept of enduring ideas about what a person considers desirable or
has worth in life is known by which term?
a. Values
b. First-order belief
c. Higher-order belief
d. Stereotype
ANS: A
Values are enduring ideas about what a person considers is the good, the best, and the ―right‖
thing to do and their opposites—the bad, worst, and wrong things to do—and about what is
desirable or has worth in life. First-order beliefs serve as the foundation or the basis of an
individual‘s belief system. Higher-order beliefs are ideas derived from a person‘s first-order
beliefs through inductive or deductive reasoning. A stereotype is a belief about a person, a
group, or an event that is thought to be typical of all others in that category.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 2.1 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Professionalism
2. A group of nursing students are discussing the history of nursing to a staff nurse. When a
student states, ―Yeah, nurses N
usUeR
dStoIbN
eGcaT
lB
le.dCtheOdoctors‘ handmaidens.‖ the staff nurse
recognizes that this comment is identified by which term?
a. Prejudice
b. Generalization
c. Stereotype
d. Belief
ANS: C
A stereotype is a belief about a person, a group, or an event that is thought to be typical of all
others in that category. A prejudice is a preformed opinion, usually an unfavorable one, about
an entire group of people that is based on insufficient knowledge, irrational feelings, or
inaccurate stereotypes. In the process of learning, people form generalizations (general
statements or ideas about people or things) to relate new information to what is already known
and to categorize the new information, making it easier to remember or understand. A belief is
a mental representation of reality or a person‘s perceptions about what is right (correct), true,
or real, or what the person expects to happen in a given situation.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 2.1 TOP: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Professionalism
3. A values system is a set of somewhat consistent values and measures that are organized
hierarchically into a belief system on a continuum of relative importance. The nurse knows
that a value system is also identified by which concept?
, DAWIT
a. It is culturally based.
b. It is unique to each individual.
c. It is a poor basis for making decisions.
d. It is rigid and uniform within a culture.
ANS: A
Anthropologists and social scientists have noted that in every culture, a particular value
system prevails and consists of culturally defined moral and ethical principles and rules that
are learned in childhood. Everyone possesses a relatively small number of values and may
share the same values with others, but to different degrees. A value system helps the person
choose between alternatives, resolve values conflicts, and make decisions. Within every
culture, however, values vary widely among subcultural groups and even between individuals
on the basis of the person‘s gender, personal experiences, personality, education, and many
other variables.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 2.1 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity NOT: Concepts: Professionalism
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who is under arrest for murder and is attempting to perform
nursing care duties while, at the same time, feeling a sense of repugnance toward the patient.
The nurse recognizes this situation is identified by which term?
a. Value clarification
b. Value conflict
c. First-order beliefs
d. Higher-order beliefs
ANS: B
A values conflict occurs wheNnU aR SIon‘NG
pers TBlu.esCareMinconsistent with his or her behaviors or
s va
when the person‘s values are not consistent with the choices that are available. Providing care
for a convicted murderer may elicit troubling feelings for a nurse, resulting in a values conflict
between the nurse‘s commitment to care for all people and a personal repugnance for the act
of murder. First-order beliefs serve as the foundation or the basis of an individual‘s belief
system. Higher-order beliefs are ideas derived from a person‘s first-order beliefs, inductive, or
syllogistic reasoning.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 2.1 TOP: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity NOT: Concepts: Professionalism
5. While helping patients with values clarification and care decisions, the nurse should complete
which action?
a. Convince the patient to do what the nurse believes is best.
b. Give advice about what the nurse would do.
c. Tell the patient what the right thing to do is.
d. Provide information so the patient can make informed decisions.
ANS: D
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