Psychopathology Study Guide Exam 1 Questions And Correct Answers.
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Course
Psychopathology
Institution
Psychopathology
Describe how a psychological disorder is defined/understood and what is psychopathology? - Answer Dysfunction in psychological, biological or developmental processes that causes personal distress and is Atypical or not a culturally expected response.
The science of psychopathology is done by m...
Psychopathology Study Guide Exam 1
Questions And Correct Answers.
Describe how a psychological disorder is defined/understood and what is psychopathology? - Answer
Dysfunction in psychological, biological or developmental processes that causes personal distress and is
Atypical or not a culturally expected response.
The science of psychopathology is done by mental health professionals that are united in the scientist-
practitioner framework.
How do you go about giving a clinical description of a client - understand each term? - Answer Begins
with presenting the problem
clinical description
describe prevalence and incidence of disorders
describe onset of symptoms
state specifiers (course of disorders, severity)
Prognosis
What were the initial supernatural theories of abnormal behavior ? - Answer People increasingly
turned to magic and sorcery to solve their problems. People assumed that individuals possessed by evil
spirits were responsible for misfortune of townspeople. Treatments included exorcism, shaving a cross
on victims head. Snake pits were also used to scare a spirit out of someone. Movement of moon and
stars led to definition of lunatic.
Describe the varying practices of psychopathology. - Answer Clinical & counseling psychologists either a
Ph.D. or Psy.D.
Psychiatrist: M.D.
MFT & mental health counselors
Mass Hysteria - Answer demonstrates the phenomenon of emotion contagion in which the experience
of an emotion seems to spread to those around us.
,Paracelus suggested that.. - Answer movements of the sun and stars had profound effects on people's
psychological functioning. Said that the gravitational effect of the moon on bodily fluids could be a
possible cause for mental disorders. This theory inspired the word LUNATIC. Still common with followers
of astrology.
What were the initial theories of the biological tradition?(e.g., Grey, Hippocrates....using the information
on your worksheet can be helpful to review and guide you on where to look in text)? Be able to correctly
place the theories of supernatural from the biological traditions. - Answer Greek physician,
Hippocrates, thought to be the father of modern medicine.
Humeral theory of medicine
Somatoform disorders
John P.Grey
Erin Kraeplin
Hippocrates - Answer Greek physician, Hippocrates, thought to be the father of modern medicine. He
considered the brain to be the seat of wisdom, consciousness, intelligence, and emotion. He believed all
psychological disorders could be treated. Disorders involving these would then be logically located in the
brain. Also recognized the importance of interpersonal interactions on psychology.
Hippocratic-Galenic approach and the Humoral Theory of Disorders. - Answer four bodily fluids or
humors:
- blood (heart), sanguine - cheerful and optimistic
- black bile (spleen) melancholic - depression
- yellow bile (liver) phlegmatic personality - sluggish, apathetic, calm
- phlegm (brain) choleric - hot tempered
first example of associating psychological disorders with chemical imbalance.
Somatoform disorders - Answer physical symptoms appear to be the result of a medical problem for
which no physical cause can be found.
hysteron (hysteria) - greek for uterus, assumed this only happened in women.
, John P. Grey - Answer Causes of insanity were always physical. Therefore mentally ill patients should be
treated as physically ill. Because of this, conditions in hospitals greatly improved in order to help treat
these disorders.
Erin Kraeplin - Answer one of the first to distinguish among various psychological disorders, seeing that
each may have a different age of onset and time course, with somewhat different clusters of presenting
symptoms and probably a different cause.
difference between one-dimensional vs. multidimensional approaches - Answer One dimensional:
psychopathology is caused by a single cause.
multidimensional: This perspective on causality is called systemic because it implies that any particular
influence contributing to psychopathology cannot be considered out of context (biology and behavior of
individual including cognitive, emotional, social and cultural environment).
Diathesis-stress model - Answer Asserts that most psychiatric disorders result from a combination of
genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors
Diathesis = a condition which makes someone susceptible to developing a disorder.
differences/similarities of diathesis-stress model and the reciprocal gene-environment model. - Answer
Similarities are genetic disposition and stressors both are present.
Diathesis stress model it is the combination that leads to disorder, while in reciprocal gene environment
model genetic vulnerability leads us to seek environments that stress and that leads to disorder.
structures of the brain that are discussed to play a role in abnormal psychology - Answer central
nervous systems
peripheral nervous systems
neurotransmitters
structure of the brain
How has cognitive science (e.g., prepared learning, learned helplessness, social learning) contributed to
the understanding of abnormal behavior? - Answer learned helplessness occur when rats or other
animals encounter conditions over which they have no control.
prepared learning - we might have become highly prepared for learning about certain types of objects or
situations because this knowledge contributes to the survival of a species.
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