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SWS3022 Exam 2*3 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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SWS3022 Exam 2*3 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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SWS3022 Exam 2*3 | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded | 100%Verified
What are the important soil solution constituents of inorganic soils? - can contain carbon, but are not
based on carbon; simple
- metals, chemical nutrients, acids
- all ionic
What are the important soil solution constituents of organic soils? - compounds of carbon; dominated
by C, H, and O; complex
- covalently bonded
- can be natural or synthetic
How do ions differ from the elements in the periodic table? - Elements in the periodic table are
electrically neutral. Ions are stable forms of elements that acquire an electrical charge by gaining or
losing electrons.
ions - stable forms of elements that acquire an electrical charge by gaining or losing electrons
cations - elements that lose electrons; positively charged
anions - elements that gain electrons; negatively charged
hydration sphere - when ions are surrounded by a sphere of water molecules because of the charge of
the ions and the charge of each pole of the water molecules
ion hydration - when an ionic solid dissolves in a polar solvent like water, water surrounds the ion
(hydration sphere) to form a hydrated ion
How can ion hydration impact the size of cations in a soil? - each ion has a different ability to attract
water
, smaller = larger hydration sphere = larger cation
1:1 and 2:1 aluminosilicate clay minerals are WHAT? - colloidal (small, large specific surface area, highly
reactive)
What are the 3 fundamental features of soil mineral colloids? - small, large specific surface area, highly
reactive
reactivity is derived from large surface area and electrical charge
Reactivity in soil mineral colloids is derived from what two factors? - large surface area and electrical
charge
How is cation exchange capacity measured? - Take a mineral / clay / whatever that is saturated with a
cation, then flush them out with a stronger cation. The displaced cations will be collected in a beaker,
and the number of cations, and that number is the amount of negative charges (CEC)
What are the fundamental building blocks for aluminosilicate clays and the dominant ions comprising
them? - Tetrahedral sheets (silicon and oxygen) and octahedral sheets (aluminum, oxygen, and
hydroxide).
tetrahedral sheet - one of the fundamental building blocks of aluminosilicate clays; silicon based, share
oxygen to interlock
octahedral sheet - one of the fundamental building blocks of aluminosilicate clays; aluminum based,
surrounded by six OH groups
1:1 mineral - one tetrahedral sheet and one octahedral sheet
2:1 mineral - one octahedral sheet and two tetrahedral sheets; octahedral sheet is sandwiched between
the two tetrahedral sheets
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