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PDB CEN REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT!!
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PDB CEN REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT!!
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PDB CEN REVIEWQUESTIONS &
ANSWERS RATED
100% CORRECT!!
PDB CEN
Evatee 8/24/24 PDB CEN
, PDB CEN REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
RATED 100% CORRECT!!
Cardiac output = Answer - CO + HR x stroke volume (amount of blood ejected
per contraction)
Primary compensatory mechanism of low Cardiac output in peds? Other signs?
Answer - Tachycardia -- Peds are unable to increase stroke volume.
Hypotension is a late sign, and bradycardia is an ominous sign in peds.
Stroke Volume is influenced by... Answer - Contractility, preload, and afterload.
Frank-Starling's Law -- Stretch heart with volume to increase contractility
(rubber band snapping shut)
Preload is evaluated by... Answer - Central venous pressure (CVP) on the Right
(invasive). Jugular vein distention (non-invasive measure)
Decreased when hypovolemic and from vasodilators, increased by volume and
vasoconstrictors. TX: Increase preload w/ fluids/blood, decrease w/ diuretics.
Afterload... Answer - Afterload (resistance to ventricular emptying) is
evaluated by systemic vascular resistance.
Decreased in distributive shocks (neurogenic, septic, and anaphylactic), and by
vasodilators. Tx: vasopressors (norepinephrine). Increased n hypertension,
aortic stenosis, and thru other shock compensation. Tx Vasodilators like NTG.
Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) stimulation causes... Answer - causes
release of catecholamine, which increase HR in response to shock.
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