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NURA-221 EXAM II RESPIRATORY MEDICATIONS EXAM
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NURA-221 EXAM II RESPIRATORY MEDICATIONS EXAM2024-2025
Histamine Effects
● Increased vascular permeability
● vasodilation (hypotension)
● Urticaria (hives)
● bronchoconstriction
● Increased mucus secretion
H2 is specific to the __________
GI System (secretes gastric acid)
Vasodilation leads to __________ in the skin. This gives people a ____________
appearance.
prominence; flushed
H1 has a role in ______________, memory, and sleep/wake cycles
cognition
H1 receptor activation effects:
Vasodilation
Bronchoconstriction
Increased capillary permeability
CNS effects
Mucus secretion
Histamine mediates _________ reactions.
,allergic
Antihistamines are also known as ______________.
H1 antagonists
H1 antagonists peripheral effects:
decreased in skin flushing, oedema, itching, pain, and decrease in mucous secretion
H1 antagonists CNS effects:
sedation usually, sometimes there is excitement induced of the CNS (usually in
overdose, and typically affects kids)
H1 antagonists also affect ___________, so they can be considered anticholinergic
drugs.
muscarinic receptors
Excitation of the CNS while on antihistamine indicates a potential ___________.
Overdose
The first medication used during anaphylaxis is ____________.
Epinephrine. We may also supplement with H1/H2 antagonist but we will not treat
anaphylaxis w an H1
First Generation Antihistamines:
•diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
•hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
•chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
•promethazine (Phenergan)
•diphenhydramine
Benadryl (1st generation antihistamine)
hydroxyzine
, Vistaril (1st generation antihistamine)
chlorpheniramine
Chlor-Trimeton (1st generation antihistamine)
promethazine
Phenergan (1st generation antihistamine)
2nd Generation Antihistamines
•cetirizine (Zyrtec)
•fexofenadine (Allegra)
•loratadine (Claritin)
cetirizine
Zyrtec; 2nd generation antihistamine
fexofenadine
Allegra;2nd generation antihistamine
lorat
Claritin; 2nd generation antihistamine
3rd Generation Antihistamines:
•levocetirizine (Xyzal)
•desloratadine (Clarinex)
levocetirizine
Xyzal; 3rd generation antihistamine
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