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8/23/24, 5:37 PMIE386 Discussion Qs: Exam 1
Jeremiah
Practice questions for this set
Terms in this set (82)
IE386 Discussion Qs: Exam 1
1/7
, 8/23/24, 5:37 PM
When a person has his or her lower arm in a the mechanical advantage is greater when palm facing up because of the use of a
horizontal position and the palm is facing different muscle group (the biceps) to counterbalance the load in the hand.
upward, why can he or she exert a greater
upward force than a downward force?
What is the two-thirds rule relative to arm Women aren't as strong as men of same age, weight, and physical condition, Difference
and leg strength and what are its depends on task performed, Women usually have ⅔ of men's strength
implications in ergonomic design?
Name three principal factors that affect Gender affects muscular strength as males tend to be stronger than females.; Oxygen
muscular strength and state how muscular supply to the muscles if low can cause lactic acid to build up causing the muscles to
strength changes with each of these factors. not perform at their full strength.; Exercise can grow muscles to become stronger over
Discuss how each of these factors affects time
designs of products that people use.
When metabolism is measured by the rate of metabolism lags behind, so right after you finish something, the metabolism is still at a
oxygen consumed, the metabolic rate higher level
increases rapidly at the onset of a physical
task in an exponential fashion to meet the
task requirements. Describe briefly what
happens to the metabolic rate immediately
after the individual stops performing the task
and rests. Explain how this change in
metabolic rate affects the design of jobs and
job requirements.
What are ligaments, their elastic properties, Ligaments connect two bones together; Most made of collagen fibers (inelastic); Some
and the role they serve in body movements? made of elastic fibers; Layer of collagen fibers together act as a shock absorber; Hand
How does this knowledge relate to how tools must take care that work operations do not cause joints to exceed their natural
products or hand tools should be designed? limitations in terms of force and direction of movement
What is the technical term for total volume of Vital capacity which is a measurement of respiratory health
the tidal, inspirational, and expirational
reserves of the lungs at the maximum limit of
air volume intake in a breath cycle. Why is
measurement important medically? If this
measure was used as part of personnel
selection, what is the implication of high or
low readings on the part of an applicant?
Pivot joints are joints where a protrusion from one bone fits into a recess of another;
Physical human movements are constrained Pivot joints restrict movements in some directions; Because joints are susceptible to a
by the body joints required by it. Describe large variety of such disorders, designers of work methods and hand tools must take
the axes of movement and rotation care operations do not cause joints to exceed their natural limitations in terms of force
capability of a pivotal joint. How do joint and direction of movement. Ergonomic designers must consequently be particularly
constraints affect ergonomic design? concerned about device and job designs which might lead to various types of
cumulative trauma disorders.
When a muscle is held in a contracted Oxygen is not sufficiently supplied to the muscle bundle resulting in build up of lactic
position continuously for long time periods, acid -- oxygen debt phase; If working muscles are contracted too much or for too
there is a reduction of blood flow to a long, they cannot get an adequate supply of blood and oxygen. Lactic acid
bundle of muscles. What is the physiological accumulates in the affected muscles and they may become painful. Work designs that
explanation of why these muscles fatigue? call for the application of excessive forces over long time periods must be avoided
What does this mean in evaluating work
methods?
IE386 Discussion Qs: Exam 1
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