CCI Adult Echo CTL Evaluate Findings URR Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
CCI Echo
Institution
CCI Echo
Systole is defined as: A: from mitral valve closure to aortic valve closure B: from the opening of the aortic valve to aortic valve closure C: from the end of isovolumic relaxation period to the start of the isovolumic contraction period D: from the end of the isovolumic contraction period to the s...
CCI Adult Echo CTL Evaluate Findings
URR Practice Questions and Correct
Answers
Systole is defined as:
A: from mitral valve closure to aortic valve closure
B: from the opening of the aortic valve to aortic valve closure
C: from the end of isovolumic relaxation period to the start of the isovolumic contraction
period
D: from the end of the isovolumic contraction period to the start of the isovolumic
relaxation period ✅A: mitral valve closure to aortic valve closure
Feedback: systole is defined as from mitral valve closure to aortic valve closure. It starts
at the onset of the QRS wave and ends after the T wave. The ICVT begins when the
mitral valve closes and it is followed by the ejection period. When the aortic valve
closes, the IVRT begins diastole.
The pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is considered normal if it is less than
________
A: 10mmHg
B: 15mmHg
C: 20mmHg
D:5mmHg ✅A: 10mmHg
Feedback: the PCWP represents the pressure in the left atrium and is considered
normal if it less than 10mmHg
The _______ refers to an internal ridge of tissue in the right atrium that extends
vertically between the SVC and IVC.
A: crista terminalis
B: right ventricle inflow tract
C: pulmonic root
D: infundibulum ✅A: crista terminalis
Feedback: the crista terminalis refers to an internal ridge of tissue in the right atrium that
extends vertically between the SVC and IVC. The infundibulum refers to the portion of
the right ventricle that is just proximal to the pulmonary valve. RV inflow tract refers to
the area around the tricuspid valve.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the papillary muscles?
A: There are usually 2 papillary muscles within the left ventricle but a normal variation
identified is the presence of 1 or 3 papillary muscles.
B: the anterior leaflet of the MV may sometimes be connected to a third papillary muscle
identified on the IVS
,C: the posteromedial muscle is supplied by a single coronary artery and the
anterolateral muscle receives blood from two separate coronary arteries
D: the anterolateral papillary muscle has a higher incidence of rupture then the
posteromedial muscle ✅C: the posteromedial muscle is supplied by a single coronary
artery and the anterolateral muscle received blood from two separate coronary arteries
Feedback: the posteromedial papillary muscle is usually supplied by branches of the
right coronary artery; the anterolateral papillary muscle is supplied by both the left
anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries. This is an important difference
because the posterior medial papillary muscle has a higher incidence of rupture with
occlusion of the RCA. The anterior lateral papillary muscle is supplied by two different
coronary arteries which provide a lower incidence of ischemia and rupture.
The lowest oxygen saturation levels in the heart are found in the:
A: right atrium
B: left atrium
C: coronary sinus
D: pulmonary veins ✅C: coronary sinus
Which of the following right ventricular wall segments is seen on the subcostal 4
chamber view?
A: anterior
B: inferior
C: lateral
D: medial ✅B: inferior
Feedback: the RV is composed of a septal wall and the RV free wall. There are three
segments to the RV free wall, anterior, lateral, and inferior. The lateral segment of the
right ventricular wall is seen on the apical 4 chamber view. The anterior and inferior
walls are seen on the parasternal right ventricular inflow view. The PSAX view
demonstrates the lateral, anterior, and inferior segments of the right ventricle. The right
ventricular outflow tract wall segment is noted on the PLAX view of the heart.
Which of the following has no influence on stroke volume and cardiac output?
A: myocardial contractility
B: preload
C: afterload
D: respiration ✅D: respiration
Feedback: stroke volume is influenced by preload, afterload, and myocardial
contractility
The left common carotid is the _________ branch of the aortic arch. ✅Second
The left subclavian artery is the ________ branch of the aortic arch. ✅Third
Which of the following cardiac wall segments is fed by the left anterior descending
coronary artery?
A: lateral wall
The aortic isthmus refers to:
A: the segment between the origin of left subclavian and ligamentum arteriosus
B: the segment between the origin of the left subclavian and the ligamentum venosum
C: the segment between the origin of the left CCA and the left subclavian
D: the segment of the aorta that passes through the diaphragm ✅A: the segment
between the origin of left subclavian and ligamentum arteriosus
Which of the following refers to the left ventricle?
A: normally contains 2 papillary muscles
B: mitral valve controls left ventricular outflow
C: contains the moderator band at the apex
D: triangular shape ✅A: normally contains 2 papillary muscles
Feedback: the LV is ellipsoid and the RV is triangular. There are two papillary muscles
in the LV and three papillary muscles in the RV. The mitral valve controls the inflow into
the ventricle.
On an EKG, when does ventricular diastole take place?
A: from the end of the T wave to the onset of the QRS wave
B: between the P wave and T wave
C: between the QRS and P wave
D: at the end of the QRS wave ✅A: from the end of the T wave to the onset of the
QRS wave
Which of the following statements best describes how Starlings Law applies to the
heart?
A: blood flow moves in layers with the highest velocity layer in the center of the vessel
B: an increase in heart rate or decrease in stroke volume will cause an increase in
cardiac output
C: small changes in vessel radius will cause significant changes in resistance to flow
D: as venous return increases, stroke volume will increase ✅D: as venous return
increases, stroke volume will increase
Feedback: the Frank Starling Law demonstrates the relationship between venous return
and stroke volume. Increased venous return (preload) will cause increased stroke
volume. The increased volume of blood stretches the ventricular wall, causing cardiac
muscle to contract more forcefully. An increase in preload will lead to improved cardiac
performance with increased stroke volume and cardiac output.
Which of the following statements regarding the isovolumic relaxation period is true?
A: Only the left heart chambers experience a small increase in pressure
B: all chambers experience a small decrease in pressure
C: the atrioventricular valves are open and the semilunar valves are also open at the
same time for a period less than 0.3sec.
, D: all 4 chambers maintain a constant volume during this portion of the cardiac cycle
✅D: all 4 chambers maintain a constant volume during this portion of the cardiac cycle
Feedback: all 4 chambers maintain a constant volume during this portion of the cardiac
cycle but chamber pressures decrease. During the isovolumic contraction period, all 4
chambers maintain a constant volume during this portion of the cardiac cycle but
pressures increase.
While scanning the aortic arch in the suprasternal notch view, you identify a vertical
structure to the right of the arch that demonstrates flow moving away from the
transducer in systole. What is this?
A: right upper pulmonary vein
B: innominate artery
C: superior vena cava
D: right pulmonary artery ✅C: superior vena cava
Feedback: The SVC can be identified on the SSN view as a vertical structure to the
right of the arch that normally demonstrates flow moving away from the transducer in
systole. the blood flow moves into the right atrium during systole which appears as flow
moving away from the transducer.
What is the primary benefit of speckle tracking strain?
A: helps surgeons plan LV reconstruction
B: offers the ability to definitively diagnose myocarditis without biopsy confirmation
C: improves the accuracy of doppler evaluation of stenotic valves
D: allows detection of early LV systolic dysfunction ✅D: allows detection of early LV
systolic dysfunction
Feedback: Speckle tracking strain allows detection of early LV systolic dysfunction. The
technique is used to track the motion of bright echoes in the myocardium to evaluate
myocardial motion. Subtle signs of dysfunction can be identified. The method is angle
dependent. It can be performed after image acquisition (post-processing function).
How many veins empty deoxygenated blood into the right atrium?
A: 6
B: 2
C: 4
D: 3 ✅D: 3
Feedback: SVC, IVC, and coronary sinus
Which of the following lists the branches in the correct order that they originate from the
aortic arch?
A: right subclavian, left carotid, left subclavian
B: right subclavian, right carotid, left innominate
C: innominate, left carotid, left subclavian
D: right innominate, left carotid, left innominate ✅C: innominate, left carotid, left
subclavian
Feedback: the first branch of the aortic arch is THE innominate artery (only on the right
side), followed by the left carotid and then the left subclavian
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