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ATI RN Pharmacology for Nursing (8th Ed) - Chapter 1-2 Best Exam Questions with Complete Solutions
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Pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER-refers to how medications travel through the body, they undergo biochemical processes that result in absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion (ADME) Absorption - CORRECT ANSWER-the transmission of meds from the location of administration to the bloodstre...

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  • August 22, 2024
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ATI RN Pharmacology for Nursing (8th
Ed) - Chapter 1-2 Best Exam Questions
with Complete Solutions

Pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER-refers to how medications travel through the
body, they undergo biochemical processes that result in absorption, distribution,
metabolism & excretion (ADME)



Absorption - CORRECT ANSWER-the transmission of meds from the location of
administration to the bloodstream (7 ways meds can be absorbed)

-rate of med absorption determines how soon the med will take effect

-amount of med body absorbs determines intensity of its effects

- route of administration affects rate & amount of absorption



Oral - CORRECT ANSWER-Barriers to absorption: meds. must pass through the layer
of epithelial cells that line the GI tract



Absorption pattern: varies greatly due to:

-stability & solubility of med

-GI pH & emptying time

-presence of food in stomach/intestines

-other concurrent meds

-forms of meds (enteric-coated pills, liquids)



Sublingual, buccal (b/w cheek & gum) - CORRECT ANSWER-Barriers to absorption:
swallowing before dissolution allows gastric pH to inactivate the med



Absorption pattern: quick absorption systemically through highly vascular mucous
membranes

, Other mucous membranes (rectal, vaginal) - CORRECT ANSWER-Barriers to
absorption: presence of stool in the rectum or infectious material in the vagina limits
tissue contact



Absorption pattern: easy absorption w/ both local & systemic effects



Inhalation via mouth, nose - CORRECT ANSWER-Barriers to absorption: inspiratory



Absorption pattern: rapid absorption through alveolar capillary networks



Intradermal, topical - CORRECT ANSWER-Barriers to absorption: close proximity of
epidermal cells



Absorption pattern:

-slow, gradual absorption

- effects primarily local, but systemic as well, especially w/ lipid-soluble meds passing
through subcutaneous fatty tissue



Subcutaneous, IM - CORRECT ANSWER-Barriers to absorption: capillary walls have
large spaces b/w cells, therefore no significant barrier



Absorption pattern:

- solubility of med in water: highly soluble meds --> rapid absorption (10-30 min); poorly
soluble meds --> slow absorption

- blood perfusion at site of injection: sites w high blood perfusion --> rapid absorption;
sites w low blood perfusion --> slow absorption



Intravenous (IV) - CORRECT ANSWER-Barriers to absorption: no barriers



Absorption patter:

- immediate --> enters directly into the blood

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